Cannabis Use Increases the Risk of Sickness Absence: Longitudinal Analyses From the CONSTANCES Cohort

• Main Authors: Amélia Déguilhem (Author), Annette Leclerc (Author), Marcel Goldberg (Author), Cédric Lemogne (Author), Yves Roquelaure (Author), Marie Zins (Author), Guillaume Airagnes (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-05-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 2296-2565; 10.3389/fpubh.2022.869051
• Keywords: cannabis; sickness absence; sick leave; occupational health; work; Public aspects of medicine; RA1-1270
• Source: Frontiers in Public Health, Vol 10 (2022)

AimsTo examine the longitudinal associations between cannabis use and risks of short (<7 days), medium (7-28 days), and long (>28 days) sickness absences at one-year follow-up.Methods87,273 participants aged 18-65 years from the French CONSTANCES cohort reported their frequency of cannabis use at inclusion between 2012 and 2018. Sickness absences occurring during one year of follow-up were collected from national medico-administrative registries. Multivariable generalized linear regressions were used to compute the Odds Ratios (OR) with their 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) of having at least one sickness absence at follow-up compared to no sickness absence, while controlling for sociodemographic factors, chronic conditions and occupational factors.ResultsCannabis use more than once a month was associated with an increased risk of short (OR, [95% CI]: 1.56 [1.32-1.83]) and medium (1.29 [1.07-1.54]) sickness absences at one-year follow-up, with dose-dependent relationships for short sickness absences (1.13 [1.08-1.18], p-for-trend <0.001). In stratified analyses, cannabis use was associated with an increased risk of sickness absences in older individuals, men, participants with good self-rated health, living or having lived as a couple, and having an open-ended contract.ConclusionsCannabis use prospectively increased the risk of short and medium sickness absences, even from once a month and with a dose-dependent relationship for short sickness absences. These findings should be considered in information and prevention public health campaigns to alert the general population and workers to this increased risk.