Antimicrobial Prescription Pattern in Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana: Seasonal Determination Using a Point Prevalence Survey

• Main Authors: Cornelius C. Dodoo (Author), Emmanuel Orman (Author), Thelma Alalbila (Author), Adelaide Mensah (Author), Jonathan Jato (Author), Kwadwo A. Mfoafo (Author), Isaac Folitse (Author), Araba Hutton-Nyameaye (Author), Inemesit Okon Ben (Author), Paapa Mensah-Kane (Author), Emmanuel Sarkodie (Author), Eneyi Kpokiri (Author), Misha Ladva (Author), Benedict Awadzi (Author), Yogini Jani (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Summary

A standardised Global Point Prevalence Survey (PPS) tool was used to determine the antimicrobial prescription pattern in the Ho Teaching Hospital on two separate occasions in a total of 14 wards in the hospital, including dedicated wards for paediatrics and neonates. Manually collected and anonymised data were entered, validated, analysed and reported using a web-based global PPS application. With 147 and 153 patients considered in the July 2019 and January 2020 surveys, respectively, 98 patients (66.7%) and 84 patients (54.9%) had received one or more antimicrobials. The prevalence of antimicrobial use in the adult wards was 64.3% (72/112) and 53.4% (63/118) in the first and second surveys, respectively. The prevalence in the paediatric wards was 60.0% (12/20) and 62.5% (10/16), respectively, in the two surveys, while that in the neonatal wards was 93.3% (14/15) and 57.9% (11/19), respectively. β-lactams were the most used antibiotics in both periods. Malaria was the most common diagnosis requiring the use of antimicrobials in July 2019, accounting for 19.4% of the diagnoses, whereas in January 2020, it was skin and soft-tissue conditions (28.1%). This reflects a seasonal association between malaria and rainfall patterns. Out of the antimicrobials prescribed during each of the survey periods, 95% were used for empirical treatment, and this could be attributed to a number of reasons, including logistical challenges, among others, that require further exploration in the context of local, national and international policy recommendations.

Item Description

10.3390/antibiotics10020199
2079-6382