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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children characterized by enhanced antigen-specific T-cell expression of cytokines and its reversal following recovery

BackgroundMultisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) in children is considered to be a post-infectious complication of COVID-19. T-cell responses in children with this condition have not been well-studied.MethodsWe aimed to study the immune responses in children with MIS in comparison to children with...

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Main Authors: Nathella Pavan Kumar (Author), Kadar M. Abbas (Author), Rachel M. Renji (Author), Aishwarya Venkataraman (Author), Arul Nancy (Author), Poovazhagi Varadarjan (Author), Elilarasi Selladurai (Author), Thankgavelu Sangaralingam (Author), Ramya Selvam (Author), Akshith Thimmaiah (Author), Suresh Natarajan (Author), Ganesh Ramasamy (Author), Syed Hissar (Author), Uma Devi Ranganathan (Author), Thomas B. Nutman (Author), Subash Babu (Author)
Format: Book
Published: Frontiers Media S.A., 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z.
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Summary:BackgroundMultisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) in children is considered to be a post-infectious complication of COVID-19. T-cell responses in children with this condition have not been well-studied.MethodsWe aimed to study the immune responses in children with MIS in comparison to children with acute COVID-19 and children with other infections. Whole blood was stimulated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific antigens and flow cytometry was performed to examine CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses.ResultsChildren with MIS had higher frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing cytokines at baseline and upon SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific stimulation in comparison to children with COVID-19 and/or other infections. Children with COVID-19 also exhibited higher frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing cytokines at baseline and upon SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific stimulation in comparison to children with other infections. At 6-9 months following treatment and recovery, this enhanced response against SARS-CoV-2 antigens was down modulated in children with MIS.ConclusionOur study, therefore, provides evidence of enhanced activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses in children with MIS and reversal following recovery.
Item Description:2296-2360
10.3389/fped.2023.1235342

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