New technologies to improve the ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources

• Main Author: Hay, Fiona R. (auth)
• Other Authors: Sershen, Dr (auth)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing 2021
• Series: Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science
• Subjects: Plant physiology; Agronomy & crop production; Sustainable agriculture; Agricultural science; cryopreservation; genebank management; seed storage behaviour; viability monitoring
• Online Access: OAPEN Library: download the publication; OAPEN Library: description of the publication

Access to plant genetic resources is fundamental to the development of more resilient and nutritious crops. The efficient and effective conservation of plant genetic resources is therefore key to ensuring global food security. There are more than 1750 genebanks around the world, storing various types of plant germplasm including tissue cultures, seeds, embryos and pollen. The method of conservation depends on the seed storage behaviour and propagation requirements of the species. The germplasm of most major crops is conserved as seeds under 'conventional' genebank storage conditions, because the seeds tolerate drying to low moisture content and survive storage, perhaps for many decades, at low temperature. Other species are typically conserved as tissue cultures and/or as cryopreserved explants. New technologies for the routine conservation of seeds in genebanks includes evidence-based refining of procedures and the introduction of automation. Similarly, in vitro culture and cryopreservation techniques continue to be developed and improved.