EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK DAUN PANDAN WANGI (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) DALAM MEMBUNUH LARVA NYAMUK Aedes aegypti - ARY PRATAMA, BANGKIT (2010)
Insektisida rumah tangga yang dijual bebas di pasaran serta penggunaannya di masyarakat yang tidak terpantau akan lebih mempercepat terjadinya resistensi. Hal ini mendorong untuk dikembangkannya insektisida alternatif lain dengan menggunakan bahan alami. Daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) mengandung saponin dan polifenol yang bersifat sebagai larvasida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak daun pandan wangi dalam membunuh larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Jenis penelitian ini adalah ekperimental dengan rancangan penelitian posttest only with control group design, dimana objek penelitian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Sampel yang digunakan pada masing-masing kelompok sebanyak 25 larva dan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Jadi jumlah total sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 700 larva Aedes aegypti. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada konsentrasi 0% (kontrol) diperoleh rata-rata kematian larva sebesar 0 larva (0%), konsentrasi 0,5% sebesar 19,5 (20) larva (78%), konsentrasi 0,6% sebesar 20,75 (21) larva (83%), konsentrasi 0,7% sebesar 23 larva (92%), konsentrasi 0,8% sebesar 24 larva (96%), konsentrasi 0,9% sebesar 25 larva (100%), dan konsentrasi 1,0% sebesar 25 larva (100%). Berdasarkan hasil uji Anova dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh ekstrak daun pandan wangi terhadap kematian larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti dengan nilai p 0,000 (p < 0,01). Konsentrasi ekstrak daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) yang efektif dalam membunuh larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti adalah konsentrasi 0,9% yang merupakan konsentrasi terkecil yang sudah dapat membunuh larva sebesar 100%. ABSTRACT Household insecticides were sold freely in the market and its use in society which wasn't observed to be more to accelerate the occurrence of resistance. This has led to the development of alternatives to use natural ingredients. Fragrant pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) leaves contain saponins and polyphenols that are as larvacide. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of fragrant pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) leaves extract to kill mosquito larvae of Aedes aegypti. This research was an experimental research with posttest only control group design where the objects were divided into two groups: control group and treatment group. The samples were 25 larvae on each group, and it was repeated four times. So the total of samples were 700 Aedes aegypti larvae. The results of this research showed that at 0% (control) concentration of fragrant pandan leave extract could kill 0 larvae of Aedes aegypti, 0.5% concentration could kill 19,5 (20) larvae (78%), 0.6% concentration could kill 20.75 (21) larvae (83%), 0.7% concentration could kill 23 larvae (92 %), 0.8% concentration could kill 24 larvae (96%), 0.9% concentration could kill 25 larvae (100%), and 1.0% concentration could kill 25 larvae (100%). Based on anova test analysis, it could be concluded that there was an effect of fragrant pandan leave extract against Aedes aegypti larvae mortality with a significant p value of 0.000 (p <0.01). Fragrant pandan (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) leave extract at 0.9% concentration was the most effective concentration to kill mosquito larvae of Aedes aegypti.