PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK (LKPD) BERORIENTASI STEAM PADA MATERI GAYA GESEK DI SEKOLAH DASAR - Salsabila Maura, - (2023)
Pembelajaran pada abad 21 menuntut peserta didik untuk memliki keterampilan berpikir yang lebih luas dan mendalam. Namun, keterbatasan Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) sebagai salah satu bahan ajar yang mendukung pembelajaran menjadikan peserta didik sulit mengembangkan kemampuan berpikirnya. Dalam upaya memenuhi tuntutan tersebut, maka LKPD berorientasi STEAM dapat menjadi alternatif solusi untuk membantu peserta didik dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikirnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan LKPD berorientasi STEAM pada materi gaya gesek di sekolah dasar yang valid dan realiabel serta praktis digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Design & Development (D&D) yang didukung dengan penggunaan model ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian meliputi angket, pedoman wawancara, lembar validasi, dan lembar observasi. Dengan teknik analisis data berupa teknik analisis deskpritif kualitatif, analisis validitas, dan realibilitas. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pada tahap analisis ditemukan urgensi pengembangan LKPD berorientasi STEAM pada materi gaya gesek untuk membantu peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran IPA. Maka dirancanglah LKPD berorientasi STEAM pada materi gaya gesek di sekolah dasar melalui proses design yang meliputi kegiatan penentuan sumber daya yang diperlukan, analisis kurikulum dan cakupan materi, pembuatan GBPM, pemetaan aspek STEAM pada LKPD, pembuatan storyboard, dan perancangan desain LKPD. Pada tahap pengembangan, melibatkan validator ahli materi, ahli media, dan ahli bahasa. Adapun hasil analisis terhadap instrumen hasil validasi ahli materi menggunakan perhitungan V aiken dan Cronbach Alpha, instrumen dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Instrumen ahli media menunjukan hasil yang valid dan hasil uji realibilitas menggunakan perhitungan Cohen Kappa menunjukan tidak terdapat perbedaan antara penilaian ahli 1 dan ahli 2. Hasil instrumen ahli bahasa juga menunjukan hasil yang valid dan realiabel. Hasil respon peserta didik terhadap penggunaan LKPD berorientasi STEAM memperoleh kriteria "Sangat Puas" dan respon guru terhadap LKPD beroreintasi STEAM memperoleh kriteria "Sangat Baik". Berdasarkan hasil validasi dan respon pengguna maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD berorientasi STEAM dinyatakan valid dan reliabel, sehingga layak digunakan altternatif bahan ajar dalam mendukung pembelajaran dengan beberapa saran dan masukan dari validator ahli dan pengguna --------- Learning in the 21st century requires students to have broader and deeper thinking skills. However, the limitations of Student Worksheets (LKPD) as one of the teaching materials that support learning make it difficult for students to develop their thinking skills. In an effort to meet these demands, STEAM-oriented worksheets can be an alternative solution to help students improve their thinking skills. The purpose of this study was to develop STEAM-oriented worksheets on frictional force material in elementary schools that are valid and reliable and practical to use in learning. This research is a Design & Development (D&D) study supported by the use of the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The instruments used in the study included questionnaires, interview guides, validation sheets, and observation sheets. With data analysis techniques in the form of qualitative descriptive analysis techniques, analysis of validity, and reliability. As for the results of the study, it was found that at the analysis stage there was an urgency to develop STEAM-oriented worksheets on frictional material to help students in the science learning process. So a STEAM-oriented LKPD was designed on friction material in elementary schools through a design process that included activities to determine the required resources, analyze the curriculum and material coverage, create GBPM, map STEAM aspects of LKPD, create storyboards, and design LKPD designs. At the development stage, it involves material expert validators, media experts, and linguists. As for the results of the analysis of the instrument validation results of material experts using Vaiken and Cronbach Alpha calculations, the instrument was declared valid and reliable. The media expert instrument showed valid results and the results of the reliability test using Cohen Kappa's calculations showed that there was no difference between the judgments of expert 1 and expert 2. The results of the linguist's instrument also showed valid and reliable results. The results of students' responses to the use of STEAM-oriented worksheets obtained the criteria of "Very Satisfied" and the teacher's response to STEAM oriented worksheets obtained the criteria of "Very Good". Based on the validation results and user responses, it can be concluded that the STEAM-oriented LKPD is valid and reliable, so it is appropriate to use alternative teaching materials to support learning with some suggestions and input from expert validators and users.