PENERAPAN PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN BERBASIS EFFECTIVE CITIZEN MODEL UNTUK MEMBANGUN KARAKTER MAHASISWA PADA ABAD XXI - Abih Gumelar, - (2023)
Pendidikan kewarganegaraan (PKn) memiliki peran strategis untuk membekali generasi muda dengan memberikan pengetahuan luas, keterampilan, dan sikap yang diperlukan oleh setiap manusia dalam upaya menjadi warga negara yang berkepribadian seutuhnya. Namun dalam praktiknya, cara mengajar yang digunakan dalam PKn belum sepenuhnya mampu membangun karakter mahasiswa pada abad XXI. Bertolak dari kondisi tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan PKn berbasis Effective Citizen Model dalam membangun karakter mahasiswa pada abad XXI di Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI). Pemilihan Effective Citizen Model ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya mengembangkan keterampilan menyelesaikan masalah dalam konteks sosial dan nilai-nilai karakter bagi terwujudnya warga negara yang efektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam dengan delapan responden (Ketua Departemen Pendidikan Umum, Koordinator Mata Kuliah Wajib Kurikulum PKn, enam dosen Mata Kuliah Wajib Kurikulum PKn), analisis dokumen, dan angket terbuka terhadap 440 mahasiswa. Data dianalisis dengan tahapan: pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi; kemudian diuji keabsahannya menggunakan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: (1) karakter mahasiswa pada abad XXI dikembangkan dalam perencanaan pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan mengintegrasikan paradigma Effective Citizen Model sebagai akar filosofis dalam penerapan pembelajaran MKWK PKn di UPI; (2) secara implementatif, untuk membangun karakter mahasiswa pada abad XXI dalam proses pembelajaran PKn dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan paradigma Effective Citizen Model melalui metode pembelajaran Team-Based Project dan Case-Method secara Blended Learning yang terintegrasi pada LMS SPADA-UPI dan SPOT-UPI; (3) pembelajarannya berdampak terhadap mahasiswa, diantaranya memiliki keluasan pengetahuan, belajar secara efektif dan efesien, menjadi warga negara efektif, memiliki kecakapan character, citizenship, problem solving, critical thinking, disiplin, dan manajemen waktu; (4) karakter-karakter yang lebih dominan terbangun, diwujudkan melalui dua unsur utama adalah Karakter Moral Effective Citizen (gotong royong, tanggung jawab, dan jujur) dan Karakter Kinerja Effective Citizen (pemecahan masalah, berpikir kritis, disiplin, dan manajemen waktu). : Civic Education (Civics) has a strategic role to equip the younger generation by providing broad knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed by every human being in a effort to become a citizen with a complete personality. However, in fact, the teaching methods used in Civics Education have not been fully able to build student character in the XXI century. Starting from these conditions, this study aims to determine the application of Civics Education based on the Effective Citizen Model in building student character in the XXI century at Indonesian University of Education (UPI). The background of this model selection motivated by the importance of developing problem-solving skills in social contexts and character values for the realization of effective citizens. This research uses a qualitative approachment by case study method. Data collection techniques carried out using participatory observation, in-depth interviews with eight respondents (Head of the General Education Department, Coordinator of Civics Compulsory Curriculum Courses, six lecturers of the Civics Compulsory Curriculum Courses), document analysis, and an open questionnaire to 440 students. The data analyzed in stages: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, conclusion, and verification; then tested its validity using triangulation. The results of this research are: (1) the character of students in the XXI century is developed in lesson planning by integrating the Effective Citizen Model paradigm as a philosophical root in the application of Civics Compulsory Curriculum Courses at Indonesia University of Education; (2) the implementation to build student character in the XXI century of Civic Education learning process, it is carried out by integrating the Effective Citizen Model paradigm through the Team-Based Project and Case-Method learning methods using Blended Learning which is integrated into the SPADA-UPI and SPOT-UPI LMS; (3) the learning has an impact on students, including having breadth of knowledge, learning effectively and efficiently, becoming effective citizens, having character, citizenship, problem solving, critical thinking, discipline, and time management skills; (4) the more dominant characters are developed, realized through two main elements, namely Moral Character Effective Citizen (mutual cooperation, responsibility, and honesty) and the Performance Character of an Effective Citizen (problem solving, critical thinking, discipline, and time management).