KOMBINASI EKSTRAK DAUN MIMBA (Azadirachta indica) DAN BIONUTRIEN S-367B YANG DIAPLIKASIKAN PADA TANAMAN BROKOLI (Brassica oleracea) - Rofi Fadilah Madani, - (2023)
Penggunaan pestisida sintesis dalam budidaya tanaman brokoli (Brassica Oleraceae) menimbulkan masalah bagi lingkungan. Tanaman mimba telah diteliti mampu dijadikan biopestisida karena mengandung senyawa aktif yang dapat mengganggu metabolisme serangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh campuran ekstrak daun mimba dan bionutrien S-367B terhadap pertumbuhan, laju pertumbuhan, dan hasil panen pada tanaman brokoli. Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi ekstraksi daun mimba dengan metode perebusan dan maserasi, aplikasi campuran ekstrak daun mimba dan bionutrien S-367B 25%, 50%, dan 75% pada kelompok tanaman perlakuan, pengamatan pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, lebar daun, dan massa hasil panen tanaman brokoli, serta menganalisis dan mengkarakterisasi ekstrak daun mimba dengan metode spektrofotometer UV-Vis dan FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, dan lebar daun tanaman brokoli tertinggi diperoleh oleh kelompok kontrol positif secara berurutan yaitu 39,2 cm; 23,9 cm; dan 17,3 cm. Laju pertumbuhan tertinggi diperoleh oleh kelompok perlakuan campuran ekstrak daun mimba dan bionutrien S-367B 25% dengan dosis 5 mL/L yaitu 0,2188 minggu-1 dibandingkan kontrol positif yaitu 0,2001 minggu-1. Rerata massa hasil panen tanaman brokoli tertinggi diperoleh oleh campuran ekstrak daun mimba dan bionutrien S-367B 25% dengan dosis 7,5 mL/L yaitu 0,299 ± 0,640 kg dibandingkan kontrol sebesar 0,235 ± 0,451 kg. Hasil analisis ektrak daun mimba mengandung total fenolik sebesar 37,63 ± 0,014 mg GAE/g ekstrak dan hasil karakterisasi ekstrak daun mimba menunjukkan bahwa senyawa aktif yang terkandung di dalamnya merupakan senyawa turunan terpenoid. The use of synthetic pesticides in the cultivation of broccoli (Brassica Oleraceae) poses a problem for the environment. Neem plants have been studied to be able to be used as biopesticides because they contain active compounds that can interfere with insect metabolism. This study aims to determine the effect of neem leaf extract mixture and bionutrient S-367B on growth, growth rate, and yield in broccoli. The stages of this research include the extraction of neem leaves by boiling and maceration methods, the application of a mixture of neem leaf extract and bionutrient S-367B 25%, 50%, and 75% in the treatment plant group, observation of plant height growth, leaf length, leaf width, and mass yield of broccoli plants, as well as analyzing and characterizing neem leaf extract with UV-Vis and FTIR spectrophotometer methods. The results showed that in the growth of plant height, leaf length, and leaf width, the highest broccoli plants were obtained by the positive control group, 39.2 cm; 23.9 cm; and 17.3 cm, respectively. The highest growth rate was obtained by the treatment group of neem leaf extract mixture and 25% S-367B bionutrient at a dose of 5 mL/L which was 0.2188 week-1 compared to the positive control which was 0.2001 week-1. The highest average mass of broccoli plant yield was obtained by a mixture of neem leaf extract and 25% S-367B bionutrient at a dose of 7.5 mL/L, namely 0.299 ± 0.640 kg compared to the control of 0.235 ± 0.451 kg. The results of the analysis of neem leaf extract contain total phenolics of 37.63 ± 0.014 mg GAE/g extract and the results of the characterization of neem leaf extract show that the active compounds contained in it are terpenoid derivative compounds.