EKSISTENSI MATEMATIKA DAN PROSES BERPIKIR IKHWAN THORIQOH QODIRIYYAH NAQSYABANDIYYAH MA'HAD SURYALAYA-SIRNARASA DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH: Etnomatematika, Semiotika, dan Grounded Theory - Eko Yulianto, - (2023)
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi eksistensi matematika dalam ajaran Thoriqoh Qodiriyyah Naqsyabandiyyah (TQN), mengungkap makna-makna semiotika pada bilangan dan gerakan zikir TQN, dan membangun teori substantif untuk menggambarkan bagaimana proses berpikir para Ikhwan TQN dalam menyelesaikan masalah nyata melalui pendekatan spiritual. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan pendekatan multimethod yang meliputi metode etnografi, studi fenomenologi, dan grounded theory. Setidaknya ada 60 responden dilibatkan dalam wawancara mendalam yang diperoleh melalui convenience, purposive, dan snowball sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, studi pustaka (telaah kitab), foto dan video, dan catatan lapangan. Teori substantif dibangun melalui tahapan open coding, axial coding, selective coding with memo analytic writing, dan pembentukan teori. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh: (1) terdapat banyak representasi matematika yang menjelaskan amaliah TQN seperti asal-usul perhitungan bilangan zikir 165 dan angka-angka pada bacaan khataman; (2) pada praktiknya secara sadar para Ikhwan TQN menggunakan konsep-konsep matematika untuk mengamalkan zikir banyak dan khataman; (3) secara semiotika amaliah TQN (khususnya bilangan zikir) memiliki makna spiritual dan dapat dijelaskan untuk menjawab mitos-mitos yang berkembang terkait thoriqoh; dan (4) berdasarkan studi fenomenologi para responden dapat diajukan teori substantif bahwa eksistensi matematika memiliki peran penting dalam upaya memecahkan masalah melalui pendekatan spiritual dengan tiga faktor kunci kuantitas, kualitas, dan kontinuitas. Semakin tinggi kuantitas (semakin besar bilangannya/semakin banyak ritual), semakin khusyuk, dan/atau semakin konsisten (istiqomah) pengalaman riyyadoh maka semakin kuat pembenaran atas keyakinan spiritual (corroboration) yang dirasakan pengamalnya. The purposes of this study are to explore the existences of mathematics in Tariqa Qodiriyyah Naqsyabandiyyah (TQN), reveal the semiotic meanings of the numbers and method of dhikr, and build substantive theories to describe the process of thinking of in solving real problems through a spiritual approach. In this study a multimethod approach was used which included ethnographic, phenomenological studies, and grounded theory. At least 60 respondents were involved in in-depth interviews obtained through convenience, purposive and snowball sampling. Data collection techniques used in-depth interviews, literature review (book review), photos and videos, and field notes. Substantive theory is built through the stages of open coding, axial coding, selective coding with memo analytic writing, and theory formation. From this research, it was obtained: (1) there are many mathematical representations that explain the practice of TQN such as the origin of the calculation of the 165 dhikr number and the other various numbers in Khataman; (2) the Ikhwan consciously use many type of mathematical concepts to practice lots of dhikr and Khataman; (3) semiotically the practice of TQN (especially the number of dhikr) has a spiritual meaning and can be explained to answer the myths that have developed regarding Tariqa; and (4) based on the phenomenological study of the respondents, substantive theory can be proposed that the existence of mathematics has an important role in efforts to solve real life problems through a spiritual approach with three key factors: quantity, quality, and continuity. The higher the quantity (the greater the number/the more rituals), the more solemn, and/or the more consistent the experience of riyyadoh, the stronger the justification for spiritual beliefs (corroboration) felt by the practitioner.