PELATIHAN GURU PEMANDU MATAPELAJARAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU SEKOLAH DASAR/MADRASAHIBTIDAIYAH : Studi Kasus Pada Gugus Binaan Basic Education Project Propinsi Jawa Barat di Tiga Kecamatan Kota Bandung - Supriadi, Dadi (2013)
Dalam konsep learning organization atau quality circle, guru bersama teman sejawatnya termasuk fasilitator (guru pemandu), di setiap gugus melakukan upaya memperbaiki diri, terutama yang berkaitan dengan masalah yang dihadapi dalam pekerjaan. Guru pemandu mata pelajaran dipandang sebagai salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan pembelajaran. Karena itu, Basic Educational Project melakukan upaya pelatihan untuk guru pemandu mata pelajaran.Dalam rangka mengoptimalkan peran guru pemandu tersebut, banyak persoalan yang perlu dikaji secara terus menerusnya, diantaranya (1) bagaimana pelatihan guru pemandu mata pelajaran dilakukan- (2) bagaimanakah kinerjanya di tingkat gugus; dan (3) bagaimanakah kontnbusinya terhadap peningkatan mutu proses belajar mengajar di kelas. Untuk menjawab persoalan tersebut dianalisis mengenai fenomena pelatihan guru pemandu mata pelajaran di tingkat propinsi, kinerjanya di tingkat gugus dan "efek penyertanya" di kelas. Kajian terhadap hal tersebut dilakukan melalui studi kasus sebagai salah satu metoda dalam penelitian kualitatif dengan sumber data dikategorisasikan berdasarkan kasus yaitu kasus pelatihan di tingkat propinsi, kasus kinerja guru pemandu di tingkat gugus, dan kasus efek penyerta kinerja dalam peningkatan mutu PBM. Hasil kajian dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) pelatihan guru pemandu mata pelajaran di tingkat propinsi masih perlu diperbaiki dalam hal identifikasi kebutuhan, substansi program, dan implementasi pelatihan terutama yang berkaitan dengan pendekatan "pembelajaran berdasarkan pengalaman"; (2) kinerja guru pemandu pada tingkat gugus cenderung bersifat delivering of information dari pada sebagai "pemandu"; (3) efek terhadap mutu PBM mengandung bias karena orientasi kepentingan antara guru pemandu mata pelajaran, kepala sekolah dan pengawas. Berdasarkan kesimpulan tersebut, paling tidak terdapat tiga hal yang perlu diperbaiki di masa akan datang, yaitu pertama, pada tingkat pelatihan di propinsi diperlukan gugus pengembang pelatihan baik dalam pengembangan disain program, implementasi dan evaluasi yang mengakomodasikan berbagai kepentingan profesional baik dari pihak manajemen proyek, guru, guru pemandu, kepala sekolah dan pengawas. Kedua, pada tingkat gugus dan sekolah dilakukan upaya "pembebasan" bias kepentingan yang bersumber dari berbagai kepentingan antara guru, guru pemandu, kepala sekolah dan pengawas kepada arah peningkatan profesional. In the concept of learning organization or quality circle, teachers with facilitator working together to solve their work problem. Teacher who becoming facilitator is an important role in improving learning quality when they are solving the problem. Because of that, Basic Education Project have implemented the training for teacher ae facilitator in schools meeting (Gugus). The study attempts to describe the implementation ofan training of the teacher as facilitator in order to get clearly evident about quality of teacher performance as facilitator. The role of teachers as facilitator is important for improving quality of training in level gugus in order to reach effective process and output. The outcome of the training in level gugus is as nurturing effect for quality oflearning and teaching in the classroom. In fact, the role of teacher as facilitator, there are a lot of issues to investigate, such as (1) how the training to be implemented such as planning, implementation and evaluation; (2) how the performance to be actualized as results of the training such as planner, implementer and evaluator, and (3) how their contribution in improving quality of teaching and learning situation. The unit analysis ofthe issues to be focused in the training at regional government and gugus level. The approach of study is qualitative or naturalistic by using partiapant observation, document analysis, and interview as technique of data collection. The kind ofsample is purposive. The results ofthe study are (1) the training ofteacher as facilitator must be improved, particularly in the method of needs assessment substance, and approach of adults learning; (2) performance teachers as facilitator trend as delivering of information rather than transforming of information; and (3) nurturing effect ofteacher as facilitator at district level trend towards in dilemma. There are many recommendation must be implemented such as (1) the training have to be implemented in gugus level; (2) developing roles of the facilitator, headmaster and supervisor clearly; (3) to develop a research about teacher training modeling; (4) in order to get better results the model of training must be changed by implementing the model technical assistance.