DILEMA MASYARAKAT SUMEDANG TERHADAP KEHADIRAN GERAKAN DI/TII TAHUN 1950-1962 - Hidayat, Rival Buari (2015)
Dari masalahutamatersebutdibagimenjaditigapertanyaanpenelitian, yaitu (1) Latarbelakangmunculnyagerakan DI/TII di Sumedangtahun 1950-1962, (2) BagaimanasikapmasyarakatSumedangterhadapkehadiranGerakanDI/TII tahun 1950- 1962, (3)Bagaimanapengaruhdarigerakan DI/TII terhadapmasyarakatSumedangtahun 1950- 1962. TujuandilakukannyapenelitianiniadalahuntukMenjelaskanlatarbelakangmunculnyaGerakan DI/TII di SumedangTahun 1950-1962, MenjelaskansikapmasyarakatSumedangterhadapkehadiranGerakan DI/TIItahun 1950-1962,MendeskripsikanpengaruhdariGerakan DI/TII terhadapkeadaanmasyarakatSumedangtahun 1960-1962, SertamenjelaskanberakhirnyaGerakan DI/TII di Sumedang. Metode yang digunakanadalahmetodehistoris.Untukmemperdalamanalisis, penelitimenggunakanpendekataninterdisiplinermelaluikajianterhadapsumberlisan, arsip, penelitianterdahulu.LatarbelakangkehadiranGerakan DI /TII di wilayahSumedangsekitartahun 1950-anmerupakanbagianawaldaritujuanlahirnyaGerakan DI/TII yaituberidirya NII di Jawa Barat yang dipimpinolehKartosuwiryo. KehadiranGerakan DI/TII menggangukehidupanMasyarakatKabupatenSumedangkarenamerekaseringmemaksamasyarakatuntukmembayarinfaqataupajak, jikamasyarakattidakmembayarinfaqataupajak yang telahditentukanmakaGerakan DI/TII tidaksegan-seganmelakukankekerasanterhadapmasyarakatbahkansampaimembakarrumah-rumahmasyarakattersebut.KeadaantersebutmenimbulkanberbagaireaksidarimasyarakatSumedang, diantaranyabanyakdarimasyarakatSumedang yang menolakkehadirangerakan DI/TII dantidaksedikitjuga yang memlihuntukmendukungGerakan DI/TII.Penolakan yang dilakukanolehmasyarakatSumedangdikarenakankegiatan-kegiatan yang dilakukanolehGerakan DI/TII membuatresahmasyarakat.Banyakmasyarakat yang harusmengungsiketempat yang lebihamankarenamerekatakutakandiserangolehGerakan DI/TIIataubahkanmerekatidaklagimemilikitempattinggalkarenarumah-rumahnyatelahdibakarolehGerakan DI/TII. Masyarakat lain yang memlihuntukmendukungGerakan DI/TII disebabkanolehberbagaikeadaan, diantaranyaseseorangmeresatakutdibunuhsehinggamemilihuntukmenjadipendukungGerakan DI/TII denganmemberikaninformasikeadaanmasyarakat yang akanmerekadatangi, adajuga yang memlihuntukbergabungdisebabkanmerasakecewaterhadapmasyarakat yang tidakmendukungdiauntukmenjadiKepalaDesadaerahtersebut. KehadiranGerakan DI/TII menimbulkanpengaruhterhadapkeadaansosial, keamanan, sertaekonomimasyarakatSumedang.KeadaantersebutterusdirasakanolehmasyarakatKabupatenSumedangsampaipadatahun 1962 ketikapemimpinGerakan DI/TII besertapengikutnyaditangkap, sehinggapengaruhdariGerakan DI/TII semakinmelemahsampaipadaakhirnyakeadaanmasyarakatKabupatenSumedangkembalisepertibiasanya. This thesis is titled "The Dilemma of Sumedang People towards the Presence of DI/TII Movement in 1950-1962". The main problem which is studied in this thesis is "How the Reaction of Sumedang People when DI/TII Movement Spread in 1950-1962". These main problems are divided into three research questions, namely (1) The background of the emergence of DI/TII Movement at Sumedang in 1950-1962, (2) How the reaction of Sumedang people towards the presence of DI/TII Movement in 1950-1962, (3) How the influence of DI/TII Movement towards Sumedang people in 1950-1962. The aim of this study is to Explain the background about the emergence of DI/TII Movement at Sumedang in 1950-1962, Explaining the reaction of Sumedang people towards the presence of DI/TII Movement in 1950-1962, Describing the influence of DI/TII Movement towards the condition of Sumedang people in 1960-1962, and explaining the ending of DI/TII Movement in Sumedang. Method which is used is historical method. To deepen this analysis, the researcher uses interdisciplinary approach through study towards oral source, files, and previous researches. The background of DI/TII Movement presence at Sumedang in 1950's was only the beginning from the purpose of the emergence of DI/TII Movement, namely, the emergence of NII in West Java which was led by Kartosuwiryo. The presence of DI/TII Movement disturbed the Sumedang people because they often forced Sumedang people to pay taxes and allowances, if they did not pay, the DI/TII would do violence acts towards Sumedang people such as burnt people houses. Such situation triggered reaction from Sumedang people, among others, many Sumedang people who rejected the presence of DI/TII movement and some who supported DI/TII movement. The rejection by Sumedang people because the activities which were conducted by DI/TII Movement arouse restlessness among Sumedang people. Many of them who had to flee to safer places because they were afraid to be attacked by DI/TII or because they did not have house anymore because their houses had been burnt by DI/TII. Others chose to support DI/TII because several reasons, among others, they were afraid that they would be killed by DI/TII if they did not join DI/TII by giving information about Sumedang people condition which they visited, and there were also who chose to join DI/TII because they felt disappointed towards Sumedang people who did not choose them to be the Head of the Village. The presence of DI/TII Movement gave influence towards the condition of social, peacefulness and also economy of Sumedang people. Such conditions were also felt by Sumedang people until 1962 when DI/TII leader with his followers were captured which made their influence weakened and gradually the condition of Sumedang people was back to normal.