MODEL OUTREACH COUNSELING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN ANAK TUNAGRAHITA SEDANG - Efendi, Jon (2015)
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemandirian anak tunagrahita sedang dan belum ditangani secara professional melalui bimbingan konseling. Outreach counseling merupakan usaha memaksimalkan layanan sebagai alternatif, bila proses konseling secara umumnya sulit dilakukan oleh konselor. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menyusun model outreach counseling dalam meningkatkan kemandirian anak tunagrahita sedang. Penelitian ini menggunakan model penelitian Research & Development, melalui langkah-langkah; 1) menyusun draf model awal, 2) melakukan validasi draf model bersama para ahli bimbingan konseling dan pendidikan khusus, 3) melakukan ujicoba efektivitas model. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan; 1) gambaran kondisi aktual kemandirian anak tunagrahita sedang di kota Padang belum sepenuhnya mandiri, 2) model outreach counseling ini bermuatan budaya Minangkabau, memuat visi dan misi, persyaratan konselor dan persiapan dan langkah pelaksanaan model, 3) uji efektivitas menunjukkan bahwa model outreach counseling efektif untuk meningkatkan kemandirian bagi anak tunagrahita sedang. Model outreach counseling ini direkomendasikan kepada pembimbing/guru agar memperhatikan muatan nilai-nilai budaya lokal masyarakat Kota Padang, bahwa dalam membimbing kemandirian ATGS perlu memanfaatkan apa yang ada dan terjadi di alam serta budaya lingkungan dijadikan pengalaman belajar. ---------- The background to the research is the low self-reliance of children with moderate intellectual disability and the lack of professional treatment for this issue through guidance and counseling. In this regard, outreach counseling is an effort of maximizing an alternative service in the event that a counselor has difficulties in conducting the standard counseling process. Hence, this research aims to construct an outreach counseling model to increase the self-reliance of children with moderate intellectual disability. This research adopted Research and Development research model through the following stages: 1) initial drafting, 2) validating model draft with experts of counseling and guidance and special education, and 3) testing model effectiveness. The results show that: 1) in reality, children with moderate intellectual disability in Padang City have not been fully self-reliant; 2) the outreach counseling model is laden with Minangkabau cultural values and contains vision and mission, requirements for counselor, and preparation as well as stages for model implementation; 3) the effectiveness test demonstrates that the outreach counseling model is effective in increasing the self-reliance of children with moderate intellectual disability. Thus, it is recommended that teachers/counselors in developing the self-reliance of children with moderate intellectual disability and take advantage of the surrounding environment and phenomena to be made resources.