PENGARUH NOVEL LACAK KARYA AGATHA CHRISTIE TERHADAP NOVEL LACAK KARYA S. MARA GD. SEBUAH KAJIAN SASTRA BANDINGAN) - Fauziyah, Raidah Azyyati (2015)
Penelitian berjudul "Pengaruh Novel Lacak Karya Agatha Christie terhadap Novel Lacak Karya S.Mara Gd. (Sebuah Kajian Sastra Bandingan)" ini ini dilatarbelakangi kemunculan S. Mara Gd pada 1985 dengan novel Misteri Dian yang Padam, dan mendapat sambutan baik dari pembaca. Sebelum menerbitkan novel jenis lacak atau detektif, S. Mara Gd. adalah penerjemah novel lacak atau detektif karya Agatha Christie terbitan Gramedia. Penganalisisan struktur novel Kenangan Kematian karya Agatha Christie dan Misteri Matinya Wanita Simpanan karya S. Mara Gd. dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif analisis dengan menggunakan teori fakta cerita Robert Stanton, lalu dilanjutkan dengan teori sastra bandingan. Penelitian ini menjawab berbagai persoalan. Pertama, bagaimanakah struktur cerita novel lacak Misteri Matinya Wanita Simpanan karya S. Mara Gd.? Kedua, bagaimanakah struktur cerita novel lacak Kenangan Kematian karya Agatha Christie? Ketiga, apa sajakah perbedaan dan persamaan struktur novel lacak Misteri Matinya Wanita Simpanan karya S. Mara Gd., dengan novel lacak karya Kenangan Kematian karya Agatha Christie? Keempat, berdasarkan persamaan dan perbedaan di atas, aspek apa sajakah dalam novel lacak Misteri Matinya Wanita Simpanan karya S. Mara Gd. yang mendapat pengaruh dari novel lacak Kenangan Kematian karya Agatha Christie? Untuk menjawab persoalan tersebut, digunakan teori struktural dan pendekatan sastra bandingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Dalam analisis struktural Kenangan Kematian ditemukan bahwa teknik pengaluran yang digunakan adalah teknik penundaan. Pelaku pembunuhan adalah Ruth Lessing dan Victor Drake. Berlatar Kota Inggris tahun 1945-an dan suasana didominasi suasana sedih dan tragis. Menggunakan sudut pandang orang ketiga serba tahu. Mengangkat tema pengungkapan kasus pembunuhan perempuan cantik yang terlibat perselingkuhan dengan pria beristri. Pembunuhan bermotif kebencian dan ekonomi. (2) Dalam analisis struktur Misteri Matinya Wanita Simpanan ditemukan bahwa teknik yang digunakan adalah teknik penundaan dan pembayangan. Latar tempat yang digunakan dalam novel ini adalah Kota Surabaya di tahun 2000-an. Didominasi latar suasana tegang dan mencekam. Menggunakan sudut pandang orang ketiga serba tahu. Mengangkat tema pengungkapan kasus pembunuhan perempuan cantik yang terlibat perselingkuhan dengan pria beristri. Pembunuhan dilatarbelakangi motif kecemburuan dan kebencian. (3) Persamaan terletak pada tahap klimaks, teknik pengaluran, jumlah kasus pembunuhan, motif pembunuhan pertama, jumlah tokoh detektif dan latar belakang profesinya, korban pembunuhan pertama, latar tempat dan waktu, sudut pandang, dan tema. Perbedaan terletak pada tahap situasi, tahap pemunculan, tahap peningkatan konflik, tahap penyelesaian, kasus, jumlah pembunuh, motif pembunuhan kedua, latar belakang sosial korban, dan latar suasana. (4) Profesi S. Mara Gd. sebagai penerjemah novel karya Agatha Christie membuatnya menyerap pola penulisan novel Agatha Christie dan menggunakan pola penulisan tersebut dalam novelnya. ---------- The study entitled "Pengaruh Novel Lacak Karya Agatha Christie terhadap Novel lacak Karya S.Mara Gd. (Sebuah Kajian Sastra Bandingan)" was against the backdrop of the emergence of S. Mara Gd. in 1985 with her novel Misteri Dian yang Padam which was well accepted by the readers. Before publishing detective fiction novel, S. Mara Gd. was a translator of Agatha Christie's detective fiction novels published by Gramedia. The structural analysis of the novel Kenangan Kematian or Sparkling Cyanide by Agatha Christie and Misteri Matinya Wanita Simpanan by S. Mara Gd. was conducted using analysis descriptive method which is based on Robert Stanton's structural theory of story facts and then continued by using comparative literature theory. This study answers several problems. First, how is the story structure of the novel Misteri Matinya Wanita Simpanan by S. Mara Gd.? Second, how is the story structure of the novel Kenangan Kematian or Sparkling Cyanide by Agatha Christie? Third, what are the differences and similarities between the structure of detective fiction novel Misteri Matinya Wanita Simpanan by S. Mara Gd. and the detective fiction novel Kenangan Kematian or Sparkling Cyanide by Agatha Christie? Fourth, based on those differences and similarities, what are the aspects in the detective fiction novel Misteri Matinya Wanita Simpanan by S. Mara Gd. which are influenced by the detective fiction novel Kenangan Kematian or Sparkling Cyanide by Agatha Christie? To answer those problems, the structural theory and comparative literature approach were used. The study shows the following result (1) In the structural analysis of Kenangan Kematian or Sparkling Cyanide, it is found that the plotting technique used is suspending technique. The culprit of the murder is Ruth Lessing and Victor Drake. With the setting of a city in England in 1945 and the atmosphere dominated by miserable and tragic ambiance. Using the third person unlimited omniscience point of view. Raising the theme of revealing the murder case of a beautiful woman who is involved in an affair with a married man. A murder which motives are hatred and economic problem. (2) In the structural analysis of Misteri Matinya Wanita Simpanan, it is found that the technique used are suspending and foreshadowing. The setting of the novel is in Surabaya in 2000. Dominated by the tense and horrifying atmosphere. Using the third person unlimited omniscience point of view. Raising the theme of revealing the murder case of a beautiful woman who is involved in an affair with a married man. A murder which is caused by jealousy and hatred motives. (3) The similarities are found in the climax, plotting techniques, the number of murder cases, the first motive of the murder, the number of the detective characters in the story and their professions' background, the first victim of the murder, the place and time setting, point of view, and theme. The differences are found in the exposition stage, rising action, conflict, resolution, cases, number of murderers, the second motives of the murder, the social background of the victim, and the atmosphere setting. (4) S. Mara Gd.'s profession as a translator of Agatha Christie's novels made her absorb the writing pattern of Agatha Christie's novels and used the pattern in her own novels.