PENGARUH PENDEKATAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN SIKAP ILMIAH SISWA - Mu'minah, Iim Halimatul (2016)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan sikap ilmiah siswa pada materi Makanan dan Kesehatan dengan pembelajaran melalui pendekatan lingkungan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Weak experiment dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan "one group Pretest-posttest design". Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas VIII di MTs Negeri Sukaraja di kabupaten Majalengka tahun akademik 2015-2016. Populasi terdiri dari 6 kelas dan terpilih satu kelas sebanyak 35 siswa. Data kemampuan berpikir kritis dijaring melalui tes uraian dan sikap ilmiah dijaring dengan skala sikap Likert. Kesimpulan penelitian berdasarkan hasil analisis pengolahan data menggunakan uji Paired Sample T-Test untuk kemampuan berpikir kritis dan sikap ilmiah siswa dan menggunakan SPSS 15 versi Windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan pada kemampuan berpikir kritis dan sikap ilmiah siswa. Peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis termasuk kategori sedang dengan N-gain 0,41. Sedangkan peningkatan sikap ilmiah dengan kategori sedang dengan N-gain 0,41. Sub Indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diantaranya (1)memfokuskan pertanyaan, (2)menganalisis argument, (3)bertanya dan menjawab pertanyaan klarifikasi dan pertanyaan yang menantang, (4)mempertimbangkan kredibilitas suatu, (5)mengobservasi dan menilai laporan hasil observasi, (6)menilai hasil deduksi, (7)membuat induksi, (8)membuat dan mempertimbangkan keputusan, (9)mendefinisikan istilah-istilah, dan mempertimbangkan definisi, (10)mengidentifikasi asumsi, (11)memutuskan suatu tindakan, (12)beriteraksi dengan orang lain. Sementara, aspek-aspek sikap ilmiah siswa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diantaranya (1)rasa ingin tahu, (2)sikap terbuka, (3)sikap keuletan, (4)sikap kerja sama, (5)sikap objektif dan jujur, (6)sikap berpikir kritis. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran melalui pendekatan lingkungan dapat menumbuhkan dan meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan sikap ilmiah siswa. Kata kunci: Pendekatan Lingkungan, Berpikir kritis, Sikap Ilmiah, Makanan dan Kesehatan. The purpose of this study is to determine the increase in ability critical thinking skills and scientific attitude of students on the material Food and Health with learning through environmental approaches. This research is Weak experimental research used "one-group pretest-posttest design" design. The research was conducted in class VIII at MTs Sukaraja in Majalengka regency academic year 2015-2016. The population consists of 6 classes and elected one class of 35 students. Data captured through the critical thinking skills test descriptions and scientific attitude captured the attitude Likert scale. Conclusion The study based on the analysis of data processing using Paired Sample T-Test for critical thinking skills and scientific attitude of students and using SPSS 15 version of Windows. The results showed there is a significant increase in critical thinking skills and scientific attitude of students. Increased ability to think critically medium category with N-gain of 0.41. While improving scientific attitude with category with N-gain of 0.41. Sub indicators critical thinking skills that are used in this study including: (1) the focus question, (2) analyzing the argument, (3) asking and answering of questions of clarification are challenging , (4) consider the credibility, (5) observing and assessing reports of the results of observation, (6) assessing the results of deduction, (7) makes induction, (8) making and consider the decision, (9) defines the terms, and consider the definitions, (10) identifying assumptions, (11) decide an action, ( 12) interact with others. Meanwhile, the aspects of the scientific attitude of students used in this study include (1) curiosity, (2) an open attitude, (3) an attitude of tenacity, (4) an attitude of cooperation, (5) objective attitude and honest, (6 ) an attitude of critical thinking. Based on the results of statistical analysis showed that learning through environmental approaches can foster and improve the ability of critical thinking skills and scientific attitude of students. Keywords: Environmental Approaches, Critical Thinking, Scientific Attitude, Food and Health.