PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SASTRA BERBASIS NILAI SOSIAL DAN KARAKTER TOKOH NOVEL LASKAR PELANGI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN APRESIASI SISWA SMA DI KOTA BANDUNG - Khairuddin, _ (2016)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan: (1) kondisi objektif pembelajaran sastra dan kemampuan apresiasi siswa kelas X SMA yang selama ini dilaksanakan di sekolah; (2) rancangan model pembelajaran apresiasi sastra berbasis nilai sosial dan karakter tokoh novel Laskar Pelangi; dan (3) efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Sastra (MPS) berbasis nilai sosial dan karakter tokoh novel Laskar Pelangi untuk meningkatkan apresiasi siswa kelas X SMA. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development) dengan kombinasi analisis data kualitatif-kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 1 dan SMA PGRI 1 di Kota Bandung tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen wawancara, observasi, angket, dan tes. Data penelitian diolah menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan uji statistik. Uji coba model dilaksanakan tiga tahap, yaitu uji validasi model oleh ahli/praktisi, uji terbatas, dan uji luas pada dua kelompok kelas berbeda di dua sekolah dengan memberikan prates dan pascates. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data pada kelas uji terbatas, hasil prates diperoleh nilai t sebesar 0,451, perbedaan nilai rata-rata prates sebesar 0,733 dan taraf signifikansi yang diperoleh lebih besar daripada taraf nyata (0,655 > 0,050. Sedangkan pada saat pascates diperoleh nilai t sebesar 24,332, perbedaan rata-rata nilai pascates sebesar 19,533 dan taraf signifikansi yang diperoleh lebih kecil daripada taraf nyata (0,000 > 0,050). Dari hasil prates dan pascates tersebut, menunjukkan bahwa pada saat prates tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan, sedangkan pada saat pascates, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas kontrol dengan kelas eksperimen. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data pada kelas uji meluas, pada saat prates diperoleh nilai t sebesar 0,224, perbedaan nilai rata-rata prates sebesar 0,3000 dan taraf signifikansi yang diperoleh lebih besar daripada taraf nyata (0,824) > 0,050). Sedangkan pada saat pascates diperoleh nilai t sebesar 21,190, perbedaan rata-rata nilai pascates sebesar 18,900 dan taraf signifikansi yang diperoleh lebih kecil daripada taraf nyata (0,000 > 0,50). Hasil prates dan pascates tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pada saat prates juga tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan, sedangkan pada saat pascates, terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas kontrol dengan kelas eksperimen. Dengan demikian, MPS reader's response + Kh berbasis nilai sosial dan karakter tokoh novel Laskar Pelangi lebih efektif menigkatkan kemampuan apresiasi siswa kelas X SMA dibandingkan dengan Model Pembelajaran Sastra Metode Ceramah (MPSMC). ; The research aims at investigating and explaining: (1) the objective condition of the literature learning and the appreciation skill of the senior high school tenth graders that are conducted in the school; (2) the blueprint of the literature learning model that is based on the social values and the characteristics of the Laskar Pelangi novel to increase the senior high school tenth graders' appreciation; and (3) the effectiveness of Literature Learning Model (LLM) that is based on the social values and the characteristics of the Laskar Pelangi novel to increase the senior high school tenth graders' appreciation. The approach used in this research was the Research and Development method with qualitative and quantitative data analysis combination. The participants of this study were the tenth graders of the 1 state senior high school (SMA N 1) and the PGRI 1 senior high school (SMA PGRI 1) in Bandung at the 2015/2016 academic year. The data for this research were collected using interview, observation, questioner, and test. The data were then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively with the statistical tests. The piloting study was conducted in three stages: the validation of model was tested by the experts, the restricted tests, and the extended tests which were given to two different groups in two different schools using pre-test and post-test. Based on the results of the restricted test, it is revealed that the prestest t score is 0.451, the difference between the pretest means is 0.733 and level of significance is higher than the real level (0.655>0.050). Meanwhile in the postest it is revealed that the t score os 24.332 with the mean score is 19.533 and the level of significance is lower thatn the real level (0.000>0050). Based on those pretest and postest, it is demonstrated that there is no significant difference in the pretest; meanwhile in the posttest, there was a significant difference between the control and the experiment groups. Furthermore, based on the analysis of the extended tests, it is revealed that the t score of pretest is 0.224, with the diference of the pretest means is 0.3000 and the level of significance is higher that the real level (0.824>0.050). In the meantime, it is revealed that in the posttest the t score is 21.190, with the mean is 18.900 and the level of significance is lower that the real level (0.000>0.500). Based on those pretest and posttest, it is demonstrated that in the pretest there is no signitficant difference, while in the posttest there is a significant diference between the control grup and the experiment group. Therefore, the literature learning model (Model Pembelarajan Sastra / MPS reader's response + Kh) that is based on the social values and the characteristics of the Laskar Pelangi novel characters is more effective than the lecturing method literature learning model (Model Pembelajaran Sastra Metode Ceramah / MPSMC) in increasing the appreciation skill of tenth graders of senior high school.