STUDI TENTANG MASA DEMOKRASI TERPIMPIN PRESIDEN SOEKARNO TAHUN 1959 - 1966

• Main Author: Jajuri, Ray Adhari (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: 2017-05-19.
• Subjects: Thesis; NonPeerReviewed
• Online Access: Link Metadata
• Notes: http://repository.upi.edu/28588/1/S_PKN_1301630_Title.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/28588/2/S_PKN_1301630_Abstract.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/28588/3/S_PKN_1301630_Table_of_content.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/28588/4/S_PKN_1301630_Chapter1.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/28588/5/S_PKN_1301630_Chapter2.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/28588/6/S_PKN_1301630_Chapter3.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/28588/7/S_PKN_1301630_Chapter4.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/28588/8/S_PKN_1301630_Chapter5.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/28588/9/S_PKN_1301630_Bibliography.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/28588/10/S_PKN_1301630_Appendix.pdf
• Keywords: JA Political science (General); JS Local government Municipal government; L Education (General)

Demokrasi terpimpin merupakan penolakan terhadap sistem yang berlaku sebelumnya, ketika politik sangat ditentukan oleh partai-partai melalui sistem free flight. Proses pengambilan keputusan dalam demokrasi terpimpin didasarkan pada musyawarah dan mufakat serta semangat gotong royong di bawah kepemimpinan Presiden Soekarno yang kemudian menampilkan Presiden Soekarno sebagai penguasa yang otoriter. UUD 1945 tidak dilaksanakan secara murni dan konsekuen. Sebagai akibatnya, terjadi ketidakstabilan kehidupan ketatanegaraan terutama dalam bidang politik, tindakan inkonstitusional Presiden Soekarno menimbulkan pro dan kontra. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, penerapan demokrasi terpimpin Presiden Soekarno tahun 1959-1966 dianggap relevan untuk kembali dikaji di era modern ini juga menggali lebih dalam latar belakang pemberlakuannya demokrasi terpimpin. Untuk melaksanakan penelitian ini, maka digunakan metode historis atau sejarah. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kajian literatur. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa Presiden soekarno merupakan pemimpin yang memiliki kharismatik, namun perubahan sikap terjadi ketika penerapan konsep demokrasi terpimpin. Gagasan yang dikeluarkan oleh Presiden Soekarno ini dinilai lebih ke arah otoriter. Lembaga-lembaga negara ketika pelaksanaan demokrasi terpimpin mengacu kepada Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, kemudian timbul sebuah penyelewengan Presiden untuk membentuk dan membubarkan beberapa lembaga melalui Penetapan Presiden, diantaranya pembubaran Konstituante dan DPR hasil pemilu tahun 1955, serta pembentukan MPRS, DPR GR, dan DPAS. Meskipun bisa dikatakan masa otoriternya Presiden Soekarno namun terdapat beberapa catatan sejarah yang dikenang sampai saat ini diantaranya adalah pembebasan Irian Jaya serta gerakan non-blok. Kata kunci: Demokrasi, Demokrasi Terpimpin, Ketatanegaraan, Presiden Soekarno Guided Democracy can be defined as a rejection of the previous prevailing system, when politics was largely determined by political parties through the free system flight. Decision-making process in guided democracy was based on deliberation and consensus, also a spirit of mutual cooperation under the leadership of President Soekarno, which later presented the president as the authoritarian ruler. The 1945 Constitution was not implemented purely and consequently. As the result, instability of state life occured, particularly in political field when unconstitutional acts of President Soekarno raised pros and cons. Based on these issues, the implementation of President Soekarno's guided democracy during 1959-1966 is considered relevant for re-examination in this modern era, as well as digging deeper into the background of enactment of the guided democracy. This study used the historical method, and data collection technique used is literature review. Result revealed that President Soekarno was a charismatic leader, but a change of attitude occured when applying the concept of guided democracy. The ideas conveyed by President Soekarno is considered more towards authoritarian. In guided democracy, state institutions referred to the 1945 Constitution, then arose a misappropriation of the president to form and dissolve some institutions which have not existed through the Presidential Decision, including the dissolution of Constituent Assembly and House of Representatives, election results in 1955, as well as the formation of what is called by MPRS, DPR GR, and DPAS. Notwithstanding it was the authoritarian era of President Soekarno, however some important historical records need to be remembered to date, including the liberation of Irian Jaya and non-aligned movement. Keywords: Democracy, Guided Democracy, Constitution, President Soekarno