PERLAWANAN MAJALAH SASTRA TERHADAP POLITIK KEBUDAYAAN PEMERINTAH MASA DEMOKRASI TERPIMPIN (1961-1964): KASUS LEKRA VS MANIKEBU

• Main Author: Nurmalia Susanti, - (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: 2018-09-17.
• Subjects: Thesis; NonPeerReviewed
• Online Access: Link Metadata

Summary

Skripsi ini berjudul "Perlawanan Majalah Sastra terhadap Politik Kebudayaan Pemerintah Masa Demokrasi Terpimpin (1961-1964): Kasus Lekra vs Manikebu". Latar belakang penelitian ini muncul sebagai ketertarikan penulis terhadap keterlibatan majalah kebudayaan dalam suatu keadaan politik di Indonesia. Masalah utama yang dibahas adalah "bagaimana perlawanan majalah Sastra terhadap politik kebudayaan masa Demokrasi Terpimpin tahun 1961-1964?". Masalah utama tersebut kemudian dijabarkan ke dalam empat pertanyaan penelitian, yakni: (1) bagaimana latar belakang terbitnya majalah Sastra?; (2) bagaimana konsep kebudayaan dari sudut pandang majalah Sastra?; (3) bagaimana upaya majalah Sastra dalam mempertahankan pandangannya mengenai konsep kebudayaan yang anti mainstream?; dan (4) bagaimana dampak yang diterima majalah Sastra akibat mempertahankan konsep kebudayaan yang anti mainstream?. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode historis yang dibagi ke dalam empat tahapan, yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat dijelaskan bahwa Sastra yang terbit tahun 1961 merupakan kelanjutan dari Kisah, terbitnya majalah ini sebagai suatu upaya untuk menyediakan bacaan yang baik bagi masyarakat. Dalam perkembangannya, Sastra memiliki pandangan tersendiri mengenai konsep kebudayaan masa Demokrasi Terpimpin, bahwa kebudayaan Indonesia adalah kebudayaan yang jujur yang lahir dari hati nurani masyarakat yang berdasarkan pada kemanusiaan, bukan didasarkan atas slogan-slogan kepentingan partai. Hal tersebut dianggap tidak mengikuti semangat revolusi yang belum selesai saat itu, sehingga menimbulkan adanya serangan dari berbagai pihak, terutama dari kalangan Lekra. Sastra terus berupaya untuk mempertahankan pendiriannya, salah satunya adalah melalui keterlibatannya dalam Manifes Kebudayaan, yaitu sebuah pernyataan sekelompok seniman mengenai kebudayaan nasional Indonesia. Belum berumur setahun, Manifes Kebudayaan dinyatakan terlarang oleh Presiden Sukarno karena dianggap menyaingi Manifesto Politik Indonesia. Pernyataan pelarangan itu menjadi pemicu Sastra hilang dari peredaran karena dicap sebagai corong kaum reaksioner. This paper is entitled "The Resistance of Sastra Magazine's to the Cultural Politics of the Guided Democracy (1961-1964): The Case of Lekra vs Manikebu." The background of this research emerged as the author's interest in the involvement of cultural magazines in a political situation in Indonesia. The main problem discussed was "how is the Sastra magazine's resistance to the cultural politics of the Guided Democracy period of 1961-1964?" The main problem is then translated into four research questions, such as: (1) how is the background of Sastra magazine's publication?; (2) how is the concept of culture from the perspective of Sastra magazine's?; (3) how is the Sastra magazine's efforts to maintain its views on anti-mainstream cultural concepts?; and (4) how is the impact received by the Sastra magazine's due to maintaining the anti-mainstream cultural concept?. The method used in this study is the historical method which is divided into four stages, such as heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Based on the results of the study, it can be explained that Sastra published in 1961 was a continuation of Kisah, the publication of this magazine has acted as an effort to provide good reading for the community. In its development, Sastra has its own view of the cultural concept of the Guided Democracy era, that Indonesian culture is an honest culture born from the conscience of the people based on humanity, not based on the slogans of party interests. That was considered not following the spirit of revolution that had not been completed at the time, which led to attacks from various parties, especially from the Lekra. Sastra keep to maintain its stance, one of which is through its involvement in the Manifes Kebudayaan, which is a statement of a group of artists regarding Indonesia's national culture. Not yet a year, the Manifes Kebudayaan was declared forbidden by President Sukarno because he considered competing with the Indonesian Political Manifesto. The prohibition statement became a trigger for Sastra to disappear from circulation because it was labeled as a tool for the reactionaries.

Item Description

http://repository.upi.edu/48068/1/S_SEJ_1400504_Title.pdf
http://repository.upi.edu/48068/2/S_SEJ_1400504_Abstract.pdf
http://repository.upi.edu/48068/3/S_SEJ_1400504_Table_of_content.pdf
http://repository.upi.edu/48068/4/S_SEJ_1400504_Chapter1.pdf
http://repository.upi.edu/48068/5/S_SEJ_1400504_Chapter2.pdf
http://repository.upi.edu/48068/6/S_SEJ_1400504_Chapter3.pdf
http://repository.upi.edu/48068/7/S_SEJ_1400504_Chapter4.pdf
http://repository.upi.edu/48068/8/S_SEJ_1400504_Chapter5.pdf
http://repository.upi.edu/48068/9/S_SEJ_1400504_Bibliography.pdf
http://repository.upi.edu/48068/10/S_SEJ_1400504_Appendix.pdf