PERAN BADAN KESATUAN BANGSA DAN POLITIK KOTA BANDUNG DALAM UPAYA PEMBINAAN KESADARAN BELA NEGARA MASYARAKAT

• Main Author: Mursyid Setiawan, - (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: 2020-07-22.
• Subjects: Thesis; NonPeerReviewed
• Online Access: Link Metadata
• Notes: http://repository.upi.edu/50551/1/T_PKn_1803299_Title.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/50551/2/T_PKn_1803299_Chapter1.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/50551/3/T_PKn_1803299_Chapter2.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/50551/4/T_PKn_1803299_Chapter3.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/50551/5/T_PKn_1803299_Chapter4.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/50551/6/T_PKn_1803299_Chapter5.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/50551/7/T_PKn_1803299_Appendix.pdf
• Keywords: J General legislative and executive papers; JC Political theory; L Education (General)

Upaya pembinaan kesadaran bela negara masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Kota Bandung sangat penting guna mengatasi dan mengantisipasi ancaman yang dapat merusak tatanan kehidupan masyarakat serta menimbulkan terjadinya disintegrasi bangsa. Terlebih di Kota Bandung sendiri terdapat berbagai potensi ancaman, tantangan, hambatan, dan gangguan (ATHG) yang terjadi di masyarakat seperti problematika karakter, ancaman terorisme, radikalisme, ancaman geologis, dan ancaman digital. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk meneliti peranan dari Bakesbangpol Kota Bandung dalam melakukan program upaya pembinaan kesadaran bela negara masyarakat. Grand theory yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi teori nasionalisme dari Benedict Anderson dan Karl Friedrich von Savigny, teori keamanan nasional dari Barry Buzan, serta teori kekuatan negara yang meliputi soft power, hard power, dan smart power dari Joseph S. Nye. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi teknik wawancara, observasi, studi dokumentasi, dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bentuk program pembinaan kesadaran bela negara masyarakat yang diselenggarakan Bakesbangpol Kota Bandung berupa pendidikan dan pelatihan bela negara dengan model pentahelix yang bertujuan untuk memperkuat kesadaran bela negara serta menanamkan nilai-nilai dasar bela negara. Proses pelaksanaan upaya pembinaan kesadaran bela negara melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan bela negara menggunakan berbagai metode dan pendekatan yang sesuai dengan karakteristik peserta yang tujuannya ialah untuk memperkuat rasa nasionalisme masyarakat. Hasil akhir yang dicapai dari program pendidikan dan pelatihan bela negara ialah terbentuknya kesadaran bela negara masyarakat yang meliputi terciptanya pengetahuan dan pemahaman bela negara, sikap bela negara, kemampuan dasar bela negara, serta terinternalisasinya nilai-nilai dasar bela negara dalam diri masyarakat. Terdapat beberapa kendala dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan dan pelatihan bela negara yang meliputi kendala dalam segi anggaran kegiatan, kesiapan peserta, teknis, sarana prasarana, sasaran atau target peserta kegiatan, evaluasi, serta kewenangan dalam menyelenggarakan program bela negara di daerah. Akan tetapi, kendala tersebut dapat diatasi oleh berbagai alternatif solusi yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini. Pada era digital saat ini Bakesbangpol Kota Bandung semestinya melakukan berbagai strategi guna mengatasi berbagai ancaman yang berdimensi teknologi informasi. Misalnya memasukan pelatihan kompetensi literasi digital pada kurikulum pendidikan dan pelatihan bela negara. Efforts to foster awareness of public defense by the National Unity and Politics Agency of the City of Bandung are very important in overcoming and anticipating threats that can damage the order of people's lives and lead to national disintegration. Especially in the city of Bandung itself, there are various potential threats, challenges, obstacles, and disturbances (ATHG) that occur in society such as character problems, the threat of terrorism, radicalism, geological threats, and digital threats. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of the Bandung City Bakesbangpol in carrying out a program of efforts to foster awareness of public defense. The grand theory used in this study includes nationalism theory from Benedict Anderson and Karl Friedrich von Savigny, national security theory from Barry Buzan, and state power theory which includes soft power, hard power, and smart power from Joseph S. Nye. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach with a case study research method. Data collection techniques used in this study include interview techniques, observation, documentation studies, and literature studies. The results showed that the form of community defense awareness-building programs organized by the Bandung City Bakesbangpol took the form of education and training of state defenses with a Penta helix model aimed at strengthening the awareness of defending the country and instilling the basic values of defending the country. The process of implementing efforts to foster awareness of national defense through education and training in state defense uses a variety of methods and approaches that are appropriate to the characteristics of the participants whose purpose is to strengthen the sense of nationalism of the people. The final result achieved from the education and training program for the defense of the state is the formation of awareness of the defense of the state community which includes the creation of knowledge and understanding of the defense of the state, the attitude of defending the state, the basic capabilities of defending the country, and the internalization of the basic values of the defense of the state in the community. There are several obstacles in the implementation of state defense education and training which include obstacles in terms of activity budgets, participant readiness, technical facilities, infrastructure, targets or targets of participants, evaluation, and authority in organizing state defense programs in the regions. However, these obstacles can be overcome by various alternative solutions produced in this study. In the current digital era, the Bandung City Bakesbangpol should carry out various strategies to overcome the threats that have the dimension of information technology. For example, including digital literacy competency training in the education curriculum and national defense training.