UPAYA GURU DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPS (STUDI LITERATUR)

• Main Author: Imas Komalasari, - (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: 2020-08-27.
• Subjects: Thesis; NonPeerReviewed
• Online Access: Link Metadata
• Notes: http://repository.upi.edu/53066/1/S_PGSD_1605013_Tittle.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/53066/2/S_PGSD_1605013_Chapter1.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/53066/3/S_PGSD_1605013_Chapter2.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/53066/4/S_PGSD_1605013_Chapter3.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/53066/5/S_PGSD_1605013_Chapter4.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/53066/6/S_PGSD_1605013_Chapter5.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/53066/7/S_PGSD_1605013_Appendix.pdf
• Keywords: L Education (General); LB1501 Primary Education

Abstrak Keterampilan berpikir kritis bagi siswa sekolah dasar sangat penting untuk menghadapi tantangan di era globalisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar pada pembelajaran IPS, 2) faktor pendukung dan penghambat yang mempengaruhi guru dalam mengembangkan berpikir kritis siswa sekolah dasar pada pembelajaran IPS, 3) upaya apa saja yang dapat dilakukan oleh guru dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada pembelajaran IPS. Penelitian ini menggunkan jenis pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik penelitian menggunakan studi literatur. Terjadinya wabah Corona Virus 2019 (Covid-19) dan diberlakukannya social dan physical distancing menjadi kendala bagi peneliti karena tidak bisa meneliti langsung ke lapangan. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari buku, artikel, jurnal, penelitian terdahulu, serta data yang peneliti peroleh dari internet yang sesuai dengan masalah penelitian yang dikaji oleh peneliti. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa: 1) keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran IPS masih kurang, 2) Kurikulum 2013 merupakan faktor pendukung guru dalam mengembangkan berpikir kritis, dan faktor penghambatnya adalah penggunaan metode ceramah yang terus menerus digunakan tanpa adanya inovasi, 3) upaya yang dapat dilakukan guru untuk meningkatkan berpikir kritis di kelas diantaranya dapat menggunakan bebrapa metode, yakni: metode pembelajaran kooperatif terbukti dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, diantaranya metode TPS (think, pair, share), scientific approach, inkuiri social, problem-based dan/atau project-based learning, metode kolaborasi/kooperaif dan aktif-partisifatif, meningkatkan interaksi antar siswa, mengajukan pertanyaan open-ended ataupun pertanyaan inovatif yang mampu memicu keterampilan berpikir siswa. Kata kunci: Upaya Guru, Berpikir Kritis. Abstract Critical thinking skills for elementary school students are very important to face challenges in the era of globalization. This study aims to determine: 1) critical thinking skills of elementary school students in social studies learning, 2) supporting and inhibiting factors that influence teachers in developing critical thinking of elementary school students in social studies learning, 3) what efforts can be made by teachers in developing students' critical thinking skills in social studies learning. This study uses a qualitative approach with research techniques using literature studies. The occurrence of the Corona Virus 2019 (Covid-19) outbreak and the enactment of social and physical distancing became obstacles for researchers because they could not research directly into the field. The data used are secondary data obtained from books, articles, journals, previous research, as well as data that researchers obtain from the internet in accordance with the research problem being studied by the researcher. The results showed that: 1) students' critical thinking skills in social studies learning are still lacking, 2) 2013 curriculum is a supporting factor for teachers in developing critical thinking, and the inhibiting factor is the use of the lecture method which is continuously used without innovation, 3) efforts that can be made teachers to improve critical thinking in the classroom can use several methods, namely: cooperative learning methods are proven to improve students' critical thinking skills, including the TPS method (think, pair, share), scientific approach, social inquiry, problem-based and / or projects. -based learning, collaborative / cooperative and active-participatory methods, increasing interaction between students, asking open-ended questions or innovative questions that can trigger students' thinking skills. Keywords: Teacher 'Efforts, Critical Thinking