PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN VOKASIONAL PERTANIAN "URBAN FARMING SHELTERED WORKSHOP" BAGI PESERTA DIDIK SMALB TUNAGRAHITA RINGAN - Dewi Desmasary, - (2021)
Keterbatasan yang dimiliki peserta didik tunagrahita menumbulkan kekhawatiran akan keberlangsungan hidupnya kelak. Ketidaksiapan peserta didik tunagrahita dalam memasuki dunia kerja merupakan masalah pelik, hal ini menjadi lebih rumit mengingat ketidaktepatan guru dalam membelajarkan keterampilan vokasional yang sesuai kondisi peserta didiknya. Kompleksitas permasalahan tersebut menuntut adanya sebuah panduan operasional yang diharapkan dapat membantu mereka untuk hidup mandiri, salah satunya keterampilan vokasional pertanian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan program keterampilan vokasional pertanian urban farming sheltered workshops pada penanaman pakcoy dalam polybag pada peserta didik tunagrahita ringan jenjang SMALB, sehingga dapat melatih kemandirian dan keterampilan wirausaha peserta didik SMALB. Penyusunan program pengembangan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian deskriptif, sedangkan untuk keberhasilan program menggunakan metode eksperimen. Melibatkan 3 orang peserta didik tunagrahita ringan SMALB dan 1 orang guru sebagai subjek penelitian di SLB Agro Industri, dengan prosedur penelitian yang dimulai melalui tahap pra penelitian, tahap perumusan program pelatihan dan pelaksanaan program. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan tes. Hasil penelitian dan kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah telah terumuskannya program pengembangan yang dapat melatih kemandirian dan keterampilan wirausaha peserta didik tunagrahita ringan di bidang pertanian, memuat analisis tugas, sistem penjadwalan, unsur kesehatan dan keselamatan kerja (K3), yang berpengaruh pada soft skill peserta didik tunagrahita ringan, sehingga membentuk tanggung jawab, keteraturan di setiap tahapan kegiatan, serta keteraturan dalam perawatan, dan kerapihan alat yang digunakan. Program pengembangan ini juga merupakan program pengembangan yang penerapannya memuat esensi pembelajaran holistik, adaptif dan fungsional bagi peserta didik tunagrahita ringan. The limitations of mild intellectual disability students raise concerns about their survival skill in the future. The unpreparedness of mild intellectual disability students in entering the working world is a big deal. This becomes more complicated especially considering the inaccuracy of teachers in teaching vocational skills that are in accordance with the conditions of their students. The complexity of these problems requires an operational guide that is expected to help them live independently, one of which is the agricultural vocational skill. The aim of this research is to develop a vocational skill program for urban farming sheltered workshops on planting pakcoy in polybags for mild intellectual disability students on special senior high school level. So, they can train their self-readiness and entrepreneurial skill of special school students. The arrangement of the development program uses a qualitative approach with the descriptive research method, while the experimental method is used to support the success of the program. This research is involving 3 mild intellectual disability students from a special school and 1 teacher as the research subject at Special School Agro Industry. The research procedures are gone through the pre-research stage, the arrangement stage of the training program and the program implementation. The data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interview, documentation and test. The result and the conclusion obtained shows that the development program has been arranged that can train the self-readiness and entrepreneurial skill of mild intellectual disability students in the field of agricultural includes a task analysis, scheduling system, occupational health and safety (K3) elements, which effect the soft skills content through the formation of responsibility, regularity at each stage of activities, as well as regularity in maintenance, and tidiness of the tools used. This development program is also a program with a practice that contains the essence of holistic, adaptive and functional learning for mild intellectual disability students.