KETAHANAN PANGAN MASYARAKAT MISKIN DI KECAMATAN CIMANGGUNG - Tresna Wiwitan Wahyudi, - (2020)
Keterbatasan masyarakat miskin dalam mengakses makanan secara fisik maupun ekonomi, dapat mengakibatkan kerawanan pangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini, menentukan status ketahanan pangan masyarakat miskin di Kecamatan Cimanggung, menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap tingkat ketahanan pangan, dan mengetahui food coping strategy dalam mengatasi kekurangan pangan. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling diterapkan untuk mengumpulkan data dari 94 sampel masyarakat miskin di wilayah penelitian melalui survey kuesioner. Metode HFIAS (Household Food Insecurity Access Scale) digunakan untuk mengukur status ketahanan pangan dan teknik analisis data regresi logistik biner digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat ketahanan pangan, serta food coping strategy digunakan untuk mengetahui perilaku coping dominan yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat miskin untuk mempertahankan hidupnya dalam keadaan kekurangan pangan. Hasil dari penelitian diperoleh bahwa, sebesar 49% masyarakat miskin dinilai tahan pangan, 37% rawan pangan rendah, 14% rawan pangan sedang serta tidak ditemukan masyarakat miskin dengan status kerawanan pangan tinggi. Terdapat tujuh faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap tingkat ketahanan pangan diantaranya, pendapatan rumah tangga, cadangan pangan yang dimiliki, jenis pekerjaan, jenis kelamin kepala keluarga, pendidikan kepala keluarga, pendidikan ibu rumah tangga dan jarak terhadap sumber pangan. Food coping strategy taraf 1 yang dominan dilakukan oleh masyarakat miskin adalah membeli pangan yang lebih murah harganya, taraf 2 membeli pangan dengan utang di warung dan taraf 3 migrasi ke desa/kota. Oleh karena itu, kebijakan yang perlu dioptimalkan dalam mewujudkan ketahanan pangan pada masyarakat miskin adalah peningkatan aspek pendidikan dan pendapatan. Limited access for the poor to get physically food supply and economically can lead to the lack of food security. The purpose of this study is to identify the status of food security in a poor society in Cimanggung District, this research follows the analyzing to factors that affecting the level of food security, and knowing the food coping strategy to overcome food shortages. Sampling technique that is used in this study is purposive sampling that applied to collect data from 94 sample of the poor in the study area through a survey questionnaire. Methods HFIAS (Household Food Insecurity Access Scale) was used to measure the status of food safety and data analysis techniques binary logistic regression was used to determine the factors that affect the level of food security, as well as a food coping strategy used to determine the coping behaviors of the dominant conducted by the poor to maintain his life in a state of food shortage. The results obtained from the research, 49% of the poor rated food secure, 37% of food insecurity is low, 14% food insecurity as being not found in poor communities with the status of food insecurity is high. There are seven factors that affect the level of food security among others, household income, food reserves owned, type of work, sex of family head, education of family head, education of the mother household and distance to the food source. Food coping strategy level 1 dominant done by the poor is buying cheaper food, level 2 buy food with debt in the stalls and the stage 3 migration to village/city. Therefore, policies that need to be optimized in achieving food security on poor communities is an increase in aspects of education and income.