PENGEMBANGAN MODEL REFLEKTIF BERBASIS KESANTUNAN BERBAHASA DALAM PELATIHAN BERBICARA POLITISI DI TERNATE - Haerul, - (2022)
Permasalahan kemampuan berbicara di depan publik masih banyak dialami politisi di Ternate, terutama pada aspek kesantunan berbahasa. Data register perkara SUBDIT/V TIPIDSIBER Polda Maluku Utara menunjukkan bahwa selama tahun 2020 terdapat 26 kasus ujaran kebencian dan 20 kasus ujaran hoaks yang diadukan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan model pelatihan berbicara dengan mengimplementasikan model reflektif (Wallace,1991) berbasis kesantunan berbahasa (Leech, 1983). Metode penelitian yang digunakan, yaitu design based research (Herrington, dkk., 2007) dengan tahapan:1) analisis kebutuhan terkait kemampuan berbicara para politisi di Ternate; 2) desain awal model reflektif berbasis kesantunan berbahasa; 3) pengembangan model reflektif berbasis kesantunan berbahasa; dan 4) respons pelibat pelatihan terhadap model reflektif berbasis kesantunan berbahasa. Instrumen penelitian yang dipakai yaitu pedoman wawancara, angket, lembar observasi, dan pedoman penilaian kemampuan berbicara. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah politisi Ternate yang terdiri dari 30 orang politisi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 4 hal yaitu: 1) kemampuan awal politisi berbicara di depan publik sudah tinggi pada aspek isi, organisasi, dan penampilan, namun masih rendah pada aspek kesantunan berbahasa; 2) model reflektif berbasis kesantunan berbahasa efektif digunakan dalam pelatihan berbicara dengan nilai rata-rata kemampuan berbicara: pada uji terbatas, yaitu 80 (tinggi) dan pada uji luas, yaitu 89 (sangat tinggi); 3) buku panduan pelatihan berbicara dengan model reflektif berbasis kesantunan berbahasa; dan 4) Respons instruktur pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa 65% aspek pelatihan terlaksana secara efektif dan 35% aspek pelatihan terlaksana sangat efektif. Respons peserta pelatihan, yaitu 58,89% setuju dan 41,11% sangat setuju bahwa model reflektif berbasis kesantunan berbahasa efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan politisi berbicara di depan publik secara santun. Many politicians in Ternate still experience the problem of speaking in public, especially in the aspect of language politeness. North Maluku Police's SUBDIT/V TIPIDSIBER case register data shows that during 2020 there were 26 hate speeches and 20 cases of hoax utterances that were reported by the public. This study aims to produce a speaking training model by implementing a reflective model (Wallace, 1991) based on politeness (Leech, 1983). The research method used is design based research (Herrington, et al., 2007) with the following stages: 1) needs analysis related to the speaking ability of politicians in Ternate; 2) the initial design of a reflective model based on politeness in language; 3) development of a reflective model based on politeness in language; and 4) the response of the training participants to the reflective model based on politeness in language. The research instruments, namely interview guidelines, questionnaires, observation sheets, and speaking ability assessment guidelines. The data sources for this research are Ternate politicians. The results of this study, namely: 1) the initial ability of politicians to speak in public is already high in the aspect of content, organization, and appearance, but still low in the aspect of language politeness; 2) produced a reflective model based on language politeness which is effectively used in speaking training with an average value of speaking ability: on the limited test, which is 80 (high) and on the broad test, which is 89 (very high); 3) produced a speaking training manual with a reflective model based on politeness; and 4) The response of the training instructors showed that 65% of the training aspects were carried out effectively and 35% of the training aspects were very effective. The response of the training participants, namely 58.89% agree and 41.11% strongly agree that the reflective model based on language politeness is effectively used to improve the ability of politicians to speak in public in a polite manner.