PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR DIGITAL BERBASIS PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK PADA MATERI PERPINDAHAN KALOR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI SAINS SISWA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR - Kharisma Nisa, - (2022)
Literasi sains penting untuk dimiliki siswa dalam kaitannya dengan pemecahan masalah sehari-hari. Berdasarkan survei PISA 2018, terjadi penurunan skor pada kemampuan literasi sains Indonesia dari 403 menjadi 396 (Balitbang Kemendikbud, 2019, hlm.42). Di tingkat sekolah dasar, 70% siswa kelas V di salah satu sekolah dasar masih memiliki kemampuan literasi sains yang rendah (Winata dan Cacik dalam Direktorat Sekolah Dasar, 2021, hlm.3). Salah satu materi yang menjadi kesulitan bagi siswa adalah materi perpindahan kalor. Skor rata-rata pre-test literasi sains siswa kelas V pada materi tersebut yaitu 31,7. Peningkatan literasi sains di SD dapat diupayakan melalui pembelajaran IPA di kelas yang sesuai dengan hakikat IPA sebagai proses penemuan. Adapun proses penemuan tersebut dapat difasilitasi melalui konsep pendekatan saintifik. Di samping itu, strategi pembelajaran efektif yang digagas kemendikbud salah satunya adalah pemanfaatan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam pebelajaran. Sehingga, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar digital berbasis pendekatan saintifik pada materi perpindahan kalor yang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan literasi sains siswa kelas 5 SD. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode D&D dengan prossedur ADDIE menurut Robert Maribe Branch. Instrument yang digunakan yaitu angket validasi ahli serta soal tes literasi sains. Hasil validasi ahli materi, media, dan bahasa berturut-turut yaitu 93,75%, 90%, dan 100% valid. Ketiga hasil validasi menyatakan bahan ajar digital sangat layak digunakan. Hasil uji coba bahan ajar digital pada siswa kelas V di salah satu SD menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan pada kemampuan literasi sains siswa sebelum dan sesudah penggunaan bahan ajar digital. Scientific literacy is important for students to have in relation to solving everyday problems. Based on the 2018 PISA survey, there was a decline in the score on Indonesia's scientific literacy ability from 403 to 396 (Ministry of Education and Culture Research and Development, 2019, p.42). At the elementary school level, 70% of fifth grade students in one primary school still have low scientific literacy skills (Winata and Cacik in the Directorate of Elementary Schools, 2021, p.3). One material that is difficult for students is heat transfer material. The average score of the fifth grade students' science literacy pre-test on this material is 31.7. Improving scientific literacy in elementary schools can be pursued through learning science in the classroom in accordance with the nature of science as a process of discovery. The discovery process can be facilitated through the concept of a scientific approach. In addition, one of the effective learning strategies initiated by the Ministry of Education and Culture is the use of information and communication technology in learning. Thus, the purpose of this study is to develop digital teaching materials based on a scientific approach to heat transfer material which is expected to be able to improve the scientific literacy of 5th grade elementary school students. This study uses the D&D method with the ADDIE procedure according to Robert Maribe Branch. The instruments used are expert validation questionnaires and scientific literacy test questions. The results of the validation of material, media, and language experts are 93.75%, 90%, and 100% valid, respectively. The three validation results state that digital teaching materials are very feasible to use. The results of the trial of digital teaching materials on fifth grade students in an elementary school showed that there was a significant increase in students' scientific literacy skills before and after the use of digital teaching materials.