ANALISIS KANDUNGAN LOGAM BERAT PADA TAMBAK UDANG WINDU (PENAEUS MONODON) DI DESA PONTANG, KECAMATAN PONTANG, KABUPATEN SERANG. - Nabila Alfaini, - (2022)
ABSTRAK Udang windu (Penaeus monodon) merupakan salah satu bahan pangan dengan permintaan pasar yang cukup tinggi baik untuk domestik ataupun ekspor. Banyaknya potensi keberhasilan budidaya udang windu di Provinsi Banten. Faktor lingkungan sekitar tambak tentunya sangat berpengaruh untuk keberhasilan budidaya. Namun, diketahui wilayah Pontang mendapati pencemaran limbah yang melebihi batas toleransi sehingga menyebabkan degradasi terhadap budidaya. Diduga limbah yang mencemari wilayah tersebut salah satunya berupa logam berat. Logam berat merupakan polutan berbahaya bagi makhluk hidup yang terpapar. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti ingin mengetahui kandungan logam berat pada tambak udang windu di Desa Pontang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode uji histologi. Peneliti menggunakan sampel sebanyak 4 ekor udang windu dan air tambak sebanyak 2400ml dengan pengamatan mikroskopis untuk mengetahui perubahan histologis organ. Suhu perairan di lokasi penelitian lebih tinggi dari persyaratan kualitas air sehingga kurang optimal untuk pertumbuhan udang windu, pH perairan di lokasi untuk air sangat optimal, Salinitas yang di dapat pada air masuk dan air tengah optimal, Oksigen terlarut pada air masuk dan air tengah optimal. Kandungan logam berat pada tambak menunjukan kadar timbal serta minyak dan lemak di lokasi tambak sangat tinggi melebihi ambang batas toleransi yang berarti kondisi kualitas air mengalami penurunan. Berdasarkan uji histologi menunjukkan adanya kerusakan jaringan pada usus udang windu yang tercemar oleh tingginya kadar timbal. Maka dapat disimpulkan adanya pengaruh yang terjadi antara logam berat terhadap budidaya udang windu. Semakin tinggi atau melewati ambang batas toleransi pencemaran air yang terjadi, maka semakin menurun kualitas serta keberhasilan budidaya udang windu pada tambak. Kata Kunci: Udang windu, Budidaya, Pontang, Logam Berat, Histologi. ABSTRACT Tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) is one of the foodstuffs with a fairly high market demand for both domestic and export. With the large potential for successful tiger shrimp cultivation, the province of Banten. Environmental factors around ponds are certainly very influential for the success of cultivation. However, it is known that the Pontang area has found waste pollution that exceeds the tolerance limit, causing degradation to cultivation. It is suspected that one of the wastes that pollute the area is heavy metals. Heavy metals are harmful pollutants for living things that are exposed. In this study, researchers wanted to find out how the effect of heavy metals on the cultivation of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Pontang Village. This research is a qualitative research with histology test method. Researchers used a sample of 4 tiger prawns and 2400 ml of pond water with microscopic observations to determine the histological changes of the organs. Researchers found that the water temperature at the research site was higher than the water quality requirements so that it was less than optimal for tiger shrimp growth, the pH of the waters at the location for water was optimal, the salinity value obtained in the inlet water and the middle water was optimal, the dissolved oxygen value in the inlet water and optimal middle water. The content of heavy metals in the ponds shows that the levels of lead and oil and fat at the pond location are very high, exceeding the tolerance threshold, which means that the condition of water quality has decreased. Based on histology test, it showed that there was tissue damage in the intestines of tiger prawns contaminated by high levels of lead. So it can be concluded that there is an influence that occurs between heavy metals on tiger shrimp cultivation. The higher or exceed the tolerance threshold for water pollution that occurs, the lower the quality and success of tiger shrimp cultivation in ponds. Keywords: Tiger shrimp, Cultivation, Pontang, Heavy Metal, Histology