PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN DETEKSI DINI PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA 3-4 TAHUN - Laily Rahma Octaviani, - (2022)
ABSTRAK Penelitian pengembangan instrumen deteksi dini perkembangan kognitif anak usia 3-4 tahun berdasarkan kebutuhan para pendidik dan orang tua dalam mendeteksi perkembangan kognitif. Hal ini berpengaruh pada perkembangan kognitif anak yang tidak terdeteksi disaat anak mengalami permasalahan dalam perkembangan kognitifnya. Terlambat ditangani pada perkembangan kognitif mengakibatkan keterlambatan perkembangan kognitif bahkan jika mengalami kelainan membuat kelainan tersebut tidak disadari dan dibiarkan saja. Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyediakan fasilitas berupa instrumen deteksi dini perkembangan kognitif anak usia 3-4 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mixed method yaitu metode cammpuran terdiri dari penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan Educational Design Research (EDR), dengan melalui tiga tahapan diantaranya Analysis and Exploration, Design and Contruction, and Evaluation and Reflection. Pada tahap pertama dilakukan analisis dan ekplorasi yang di dalamnya mencari dasar kebutuhan instrumen yang terdiri dari studi literatur dan studi lapangan. Dalam studi literatur salah satu diantaranya mencari acuan dan landasan yang relevan dengan penelitian yaitu Standar Tingkat Pencapaian Perkembangan Anak pada Permendikbud No. 137 Tahun 2014. Lalu, pada tahap kedua yaitu desain dan konstruksi dilakukan pengembangan instrumen serta desain produk lalu divalidasi oleh ahli hingga lahirlah produk berupa instrumen deteksi. Setelah itu, dilakukan tahap ketiga yaitu evaluasi dna refleksi yang meliputi uji coba kepraktisan penggunaan instrumen oleh pendidik dan orang tua dan implementasi pada anak. Pada uji coba siklus 1 uji coba penggunaan instrumen pada orang tua dan pendidik termasuk pada kateogi sangat praktis pada angka 96,4%, dan uji coba deteksi dini perkembangan kognitif anak usia 3-4 tahun capaian perkembangannya 1 anak terdeteksi BSH dan 5 anak lainnya terdeteksi BSB. Lalu pada uji coba siklus 2, uji coba penggunaan instrumen pada orang tua dan pendidik termasuk pada kategori sangat praktis pada angka 98,5% dan uji coba deteksi dini perkembangan kognitif anak usia 3-4 tahun capaian perkembangannya 6 anak terdeteksi BSH dan 6 anak lainnya terdeteksi BSB. Kata Kunci : Instrumen, Deteksi Dini, Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun ABSTRACT Research on the development of early detection instruments for cognitive development of children aged 3-4 years based on the needs of educators and parents in detecting cognitive development. This affects the cognitive development of children who are not detected when children experience problems in their cognitive development. Delayed treatment in cognitive development results in delays in cognitive development even if experiencing abnormalities make the disorder not realized and left alone. Therefore, this study aims to provide facilities in the form of instruments for early detection of cognitive development of children aged 3-4 years. This study uses a mixed method approach, namely a mixed method consisting of qualitative and quantitative research. This research design uses Educational Design Research (EDR), through three stages including Analysis and Exploration, Design and Construction, and Evaluation and Reflection. In the first stage, analysis and exploration are carried out in which to find the basic needs for instruments consisting of literature studies and field studies. In the study of literature, one of them is looking for references and foundations that are relevant to the research, namely the Standard for Child Development Achievement Levels in Permendikbud No. 137 of 2014. Then, in the second stage, namely design and construction, instrument development and product design were carried out and then validated by experts until a product in the form of a detection instrument was born. After that, the third stage was carried out, namely evaluation and reflection which included testing the practicality of using the instrument by educators and parents and implementing it in children. In the first cycle of testing the use of instruments for parents and educators, including the very practical category at 96.4%, and the early detection trial of cognitive development of children aged 3-4 years, the developmental achievement of 1 child was detected by BSH and 5 other children were detected. BSB. Then in the second cycle trial, the trial of using the instrument on parents and educators was included in the very practical category at 98.5% and the trial of early detection of cognitive development of children aged 3-4 years whose developmental achievements were detected by BSH and 6 other children. BSB detected. Keywords: Instruments, Early Detection, Cognitive Development of 3-4 Years Old Children