MODEL BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING UNTUK MENGEMBANGKAN KEMANDIRIAN REMAJA TUNARUNGU DI SLB-B BANDUNG

• Main Author: Aprilia, Imas Diana (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: 2010-10-11.
• Subjects: Thesis; NonPeerReviewed
• Online Access: Link Metadata
• Notes: http://repository.upi.edu/8773/1/d_bp_055111_table_of_content.pdf; http://repository.upi.edu/8773/2/d_bp_055111_bibliography.pdf
• Keywords: L Education (General)

Faktor yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini adalah rendahnya pencapaian kemandirian remaja tunarungu dan terjadinya kemandegan dalam pencapaian tersebut. Masalah tersebut disinyalir disebabkan adanya lingkungan perkembangan yang belum kondusif, salah satunya adalah lingkungan sekolah melalui layanan bimbingan dan konseling yang belum mampu memfasilitasi kebutuhan remaja tunarungu. Implementasi layanan bimbingan dan konseling di SLB-B masih lebih didasarkan kepada tuntutan formal daripada kebutuhan nyata remaja/siswa tunarungu. Penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan model bimbingan dan konseling perkembangan, sebagai upaya mengembangkan kemandirian remaja tunarungu. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu Research and Development (R&D), dari Borg & Gall (1989). Prosedur penelitian melalui tiga tahap kegiatan, yaitu pengumpulan data awal, pengembangan dan validasi model, melakukan uji lapangan model. Dengan Exploratory Mixed Method Research Design (Creswell:2008). Desain ini dipilih karena peneliti harus menangani dua jenis data yaitu kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data kualitatif berupa data deskriptif tentang kemandirian remaja tunarungu, lingkungan perkembangan mereka dan layanan aktual BK di SLB-B; sedangkan data kuantitatif adalah berupa hasil pengukuran keefektifan model BK kemandirian yang dirumuskan berdasarkan data-data kualitatif tersebut. Temuannya adalah sebagai berikut: Pertama, siswa tunarungu belum mencapai tugas perkembangan kemandiriannya secara optimal. Indikasinya, para siswa mengalami diskontinuitas dalam perkembangannya. Fenomena ini dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan yang belum optimal sebagai lingkungan perkembangan siswa. Dalam hal ini terkait juga dengan kondisi penerapan layanan bimbingan dan konseling yang belum tertata secara profesional. Kedua, model bimbingan dan konseling yang ditemukan rumusannya meliputi : dasar pemikiran, visi dan misi, landasan dan tujuan, dan struktur program bimbingan dan konseling. Ketiga, model yang ditemukan dapat memberikan dampak yang positif bagi perkembangan kemandirian siswa tunarungu; peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan guru pembimbing; dan sikap kerjasama para personel sekolah untuk menerapkan program bimbingan di sekolah. Rekomendasinya adalah, Pertama, model ini perlu disosialisasikan ke SLB-B yang cakupannya lebih luas, dengan disesuaikan kepada kondisi objektif sekolah masing-masing. Kedua, berkenaan dangan penerapan model ini, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan dengan kajian difokuskan kepada upaya peningkatan kualitas layanan bimbingan dan konseling di sekolah dan penemuan profil guru pembimbing di SLB-B. The factors underlying this research are the low level of autonomy of adolescents with hearing impairment and the stagnation in achieving the autonomy. These are due to lack of supportive, condusive environment for development such as school environment through guidance and counseling services is unable to facilitate adolescents with hearing impairment. This service in SLB-B is provided only based on formal requirement rather than needs of adolescents with hearing impairment. The research aims to find model of guidance and counseling for children development in the effort to enhance and foster autonomy of adolescents with hearing impairment. The approach used is Research and Development (R&D) from Borg & Gall (1989). The procedure of the research was conducted through three stages of activities, initial data collection, development and validation of the model, testing/piloting the model. The design used is Exploratory Mixed Method Research Design (Creswell: 2008). This design was selected because the researcher had to deal with two types of data; qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative data is description on the autonomy of adolescents with hearing impairment, their development sphere and actual service of guidance and counseling in the school. Quantitative data is the result of the measurement on the effectiveness of the model which was formulated based on qualitative data. The findings are: First, the students with hearing impairment have not reached their developmental stages in autonomy optimally. This is indicated with delayed development of the students. The phenomenon is influenced by un-optimum environment in supporting the students' development. This is also related to low quality of service on guidance and counseling which has not been managed professionally. Second, the model of guidance and counseling found includes: background, vision and mission, goals and objectives, and structure of guidance and counseling program. Third, the model found provides positive impact for the development of autonomy among students with hearing impairment; increased knowledge, improved attitude and skills among the teachers; and established cooperation between school personnel to apply the program in the school. The recommendations are: firstly, the model should be socialized to other SLB-B in accordance with each of the school's objectives. Secondly, in relation to the model, it is necessary to conduct further study with the focus to improve the quality of guidance and counseling in schools and establishing counseling teacher's profile in SLB-B. Keywords : Model of Guidance and Counseling, Autonomy of Adolescents with Hearing Impairment