IDENTIFIKASI TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI 4.0 PADA PEMBELAJARAN FESYEN DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN - Syarifah Millatunnisa, - (2023)
ABSTRAK Perkembangan teknologi industri 4.0 telah mempengaruhi berbagai lapisan masyarakat dan industri, termasuk sektor industri fesyen. Berbagai teknologi 4.0 yang diterapkan di industri fesyen, mempengaruhi kualifikasi keterampilan sumber daya manusia (SDM), yang dibutuhkan di era teknologi industri 4.0 saat ini. Menghadapi perubahan tersebut, SMK tata busana sebagai lembaga pendidikan yang menghasilkan SDM di industri fesyen, mulai menerapkan dan terus mengupayakan pemanfaatan teknologi 4.0, dalam pembelajaran fesyen. Penelitian ini membahas tentang analisis perkembangan teknologi 4.0, di tahapan produksi industri fesyen dalam lingkup global, dan penerapannya pada pembelajaran fesyen di SMK tata busana, baik dari aspek pembuatan desain busana, pembuatan pola, pembuatan busana, dan pengemasan/ pemasaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR), sedangkan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan Prefered Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) dan online Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Penambangan 427 data SLR menghasilkan 57 jurnal relevan, yang digunakan untuk mengeksplorasi perkembangan teknologi 4.0 di industri fesyen dalam lingkup global, baik dari aspek desain busana, pembuatan pola, pembuatan busana, dan pengemasan/ pemasaran. Kemudian dari hasil SLR tersebut peneliti mengidentifikasi penerapan teknologi industri 4.0 pada pembelajaran fesyen di SMK tata busana, melalui diskusi online FGD terhadap sembilan guru SMK tata busana di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inovasi teknologi 4.0 yang diterapkan di industri fesyen saat ini adalah, Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cloud Computing, Big Data, Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality, Additive Manufacturing, Computer Aided-Design (CAD),dan 3D Body Scanning. Penerapan teknologi 4.0 di industri fesyen terus dikembangkan dalam setiap tahapan produksi. Tahapan pembuatan desain busana merupakan aspek produksi fesyen yang mengalami awal penerapan teknologi 4.0, dengan memanfaatkan teknologi software CAD. Teknologi software CAD yang digunakan oleh industri fesyen, umumnya merupakan software yang menghasilkan tampilan desain dalam bentuk 3D/ virtual. Beberapa software tersebut seperti, CLO, Optitex, Lectra, Gerber, DC Suit, STYLE3D, Browzwear,dan Assyst Bullmer. Penerapan teknologi 4.0 pada pembelajaran fesyen di SMK tata busana, juga mengikuti perkembangan di industri fesyen, dengan memanfaatkan teknologi software CAD pada tahapan pembuatan desain busana. Software CAD yang diterapkan pada mata pelajaran pembuatan desain, terdiri dari CorelDraw, Richpeace, dan aplikasi ibisPaint. Kata Kunci: Industri fesyen 4.0, Pembelajaran fesyen, SMK Tata Busana, Teknologi industri 4.0. ABSTRACT The development of industrial technology 4.0 has affected various layers of society and industry, including the sector of fashion industry. The 4.0 technologies that applied in the fashion industry, affecting the qualifications of human resource skills (HR), which are needed in the current era of industrial technology 4.0. Facing these changes, the Vocational Fashion High Schools (SMK) as educational institutions that produce human resources in the industry fashion, attempt to applying the technology 4.0 in fashion learning. This study discusses the analysis of development technological 4.0, at the production stage of the fashion industry in a global scope, and its application in fashion learning at SMK, from the aspects of making fashion design, pattern making, clothing making, and packaging/ marketing. The research method used is qualitative with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, and for the data collection techniques that used is Prefered Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) online Focus Group Discussion (FGD). From the 427 journals that collected as the first data, 57 relevant journals produced, which are used to explore the development of technology 4.0 in the industry fashion in a global scope, from the aspect of fashion design, pattern making, clothing making, and packaging/ marketing. Then from the results of the SLR researchers identified the application of industrial technology 4.0 in the fashion learning at the SMK, through a online FGD discussion with nine teachers from the different SMK in West Java province. The results of the study showing that technologies 4.0, which applied in the global industry fashion is; Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cloud Computing, Big Data, Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality, Additive Manufacturing, Computer Aided-Design (CAD), and 3D Body Scanning. The application of technology 4.0 in the fashion industry continues to be developed at every stage of production. The stages of making fashion design are an aspect of fashion production that has experienced the early implementation of 4.0 technology, by utilizing CAD software. The CAD software used in the fashion industry, is the generally software that produces fashion design in 3D/Virtual form. Some of these softwares are, CLO, Optitex, Lectra, Gerber, DC Suit, STYLE3D, Browzwear, and Assyst Bullmer. The application of technology 4.0 in fashion learning at the SMK also following the developments in the fashion industry, by utilizing CAD software at the stages of making fashion designs. CorelDraw, Richpeace, and the ibisPaint application is the CAD software that applied in fashion designing in the SMK. Keywords: Fashion industry 4.0, Fashion learning, Industrial technology 4.0, Vocational Fashion High School.