Published 2016
Table of Contents:
“…Chapter 9: Phosphate transfer reactions -- Section 1: Overview of phosphate groups -- Section 2: Phosphate transfer reactions - an overview -- Section 3: ATP, the principal phosphate group donor -- Section 4: Phosphorylation of alcohols -- Section 5: Phosphorylation of carboxylates -- Section 6: Hydrolysis of organic phosphates -- Section 7: Phosphate diesters in DNA and RNA -- Section 8: The organic chemistry of genetic engineering -- Chapter 10: Nucleophilic carbonyl addition reactions -- Section 1: Nucleophilic additions to aldehydes and ketones: an overview -- Section 2: Hemiacetals, hemiketals, and hydrates -- Section 3: Acetals and ketals -- Section 4: N-glycosidic bonds -- Section 5:
Imines -- Section 5: A look ahead: addition of carbon and hydride nucleophiles to carbonyls -- Chapter 11: Nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions -- Section 1: Carboxylic acid derivatives -- Section 2: The nucleophilic acyl substitution mechanism -- Section 3: The relative reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives -- Section 4: Acyl phosphates -- Section 5: Formation of thioesters, esters, and amides -- Section 6: Hydrolysis of thioesters, esters, and amides -- Section 7: Protein synthesis on the ribosome -- Section 8: Nucleophilic substitution at activated amides and carbamides -- Section 9: Nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions in the laboratory -- Section 10: A look ahead: acyl substitution reactions with a carbanion or hydride ion nucleophile -- Chapter 12: Reactions at the α-carbon, part I -- Section 1: Review of acidity at the α-carbon -- Section 2: Isomerization at the α-carbon -- Section 3: Aldol addition -- Section 4: α-carbon reactions in the synthesis lab - kinetic vs. thermodynamic alkylation products -- Interchapter: Predicting multistep pathways - the retrosynthesis approachChapter 13: Reactions at the α-carbon, part II -- Section 1: Decarboxylation -- Section 2: An overview of fatty acid metabolism -- Section 3: Claisen condensation -- Section 4: Conjugate addition and elimination -- Section 5: Carboxylation -- Chapter 14: Electrophilic reactions -- Section 1: Electrophilic addition to alkenes -- Section 2: Elimination by the E1 mechanism -- Section 3: Electrophilic isomerization -- Section 4: Electrophilic substitution -- Section 5: Carbocation rearrangements -- Chapter 15: Oxidation and reduction reactions -- Section 1: Oxidation and reduction of organic compounds - an overview -- Section 2: Oxidation and reduction in the context of metabolism -- Section 3: Hydrogenation of carbonyl and
imine groups -- Section 4: Hydrogenation of alkenes and dehydrogenation of alkanes -- Section 5: Monitoring hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions by UV spectroscopy -- Section 6: Redox reactions of thiols and disulfides -- Section 7: Flavin-dependent monooxygenase reactions: hydroxylation, epoxidation, and theBaeyer-Villiger oxidation -- Section 8: Hydrogen peroxide is a harmful 'Reactive Oxygen Species' -- Chapter 16: Radical reactions -- Section 1: Overview of single-electron reactions and free radicals -- Section 2: Radical chain reactions -- Section 3: Useful polymers formed by radical chain reactions -- Section 4: Destruction of the ozone layer by a radical chain reaction -- Section 5: Oxidative damage to cells, vitamin C, and scurvy -- Section 6: Flavin as a one-electron carrier -- Chapter 17: The organic chemistry of vitamins -- Section 1: Pyridoxal phosphate (Vitamin B6) -- Section 2: Thiamine diphosphate (Vitamin B1) -- Section 3: Thiamine diphosphate, lipoamide and the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction -- Section 4: Folate…”
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