Nutrition in Chronic Conditions

• Other Authors: Ojo, Omorogieva (Editor), Adegboye, Amanda (Editor)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2023
• Subjects: Research & information: general; Biology, life sciences; Food & society; metabolic syndrome; insulin resistance; diabetes mellitus type 2; mild cognitive impairment; Alzheimer's disease; NAFLD; coffee; lncRNA; Gm16551; H19; diabetes; chronic kidney disease; proteinuria; inflammation; diet; nutrition; plant-based foods; medical nutrition therapy; type 2 diabetes; almonds; tree nuts; glycated haemoglobin; gut microbiota; body mass index; bone metabolism; obesity; osteoporosis; fracture; bone turnover markers; economic analysis; chronic heart failure; nutritional support; clinical outcomes; cost savings; COVID-19; micronutrients; deficiency; SARS-CoV-2; hospital outcomes; childhood obesity; pandemic; personalised lifestyle intervention; overweight; BMI; extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb); innate immunity; PBLs; cytokines; handgrip strength; malnutrition; cancer; glycemic control; intake; adolescents; glycemic index; glycemic load; dietary fiber; mortality; cardiovascular diseases; cohort study; beta-hydroxybutyrate; evolution; ketogenesis; anti-inflammatory; zinc deficiency; inflammatory bowel disease; meta-analysis; dietary habits; Helicobacter pylori; socio-demographic factors; biochemical measurement; vitamin D; Bahrain; postprandial; hypertension; insulinaemia; triglyceridaemia; prebiotics; oral anti-diabetic agents; gut microbiome; Network meta-analysis; n/a
• Online Access: DOAB: download the publication; DOAB: description of the publication

The effects of nutrition on chronic conditions, such as diabetes, obesity, heart disease, and stroke, continue to generate interest among researchers. This is because diet is a modifiable risk factor. The composition of diet, including the proportions and types of macronutrients and micronutrients, is a major contributor to chronic diseases. The beneficial effects of nutritional interventions on chronic conditions have been well documented, although differences remain among researchers concerning their overall impact. The evaluations of the role of nutrition in chronic conditions draw on diet's effects on body weight, body composition, glycemic, and insulin excursions, and vascular remodeling. The effect of diet in modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis is also an evolving area of research. This reprint, entitled "Nutrition in Chronic Conditions", aims to examine the effect of nutrition in the development, care, and management of chronic conditions. This reprint includes 11 original studies conducted in high- and middle-income countries, 3 systematic reviews with meta-analysis, and 3 literature reviews. The topics covered in the reprint include: the effects of diet on (1) insulin and glucose metabolism; (2) gut health; (3) brain and cognitive impairment; (4) infections, chronic conditions, malnutrition, and all-cause mortality; (5) obesity and dietary variables in post-menopausal women; (6) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice, specifically with the consumption of coffee; and (7) chronic conditions and COVID-19 infection.