Assessing Prenatal and Neonatal Gonadal Steroid Exposure for Studies of Human Development: Methodological and Theoretical Challenges

• Main Author: Rebecca Christine Knickmeyer (auth)
• Other Authors: Bonnie Auyeung (auth), Marsha L. Davenport (auth)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Frontiers Media SA 2015
• Series: Frontiers Research Topics
• Subjects: Medicine; minipuberty; Testosterone; androgen receptor; digit ratio; prenatal; sexual differentiation; umbilical cord blood; Opposite-sex twins; Saliva; Hypogonadism
• Online Access: DOAB: download the publication; DOAB: description of the publication

There is extensive evidence from animal models that gonadal steroids, produced in fetal and neonatal life, act on the developing organism to produce sex differences far beyond the reproductive system. That early gonadal steroid exposure also plays an important role in human development is supported...