Asthma Current Perspectives on Phenotypes, Endotypes, and Treatable Traits

• Other Authors: Rovina, Nikoletta (Editor)
• Format: Electronic Book Chapter
• Language: English
• Published: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2021
• Subjects: Medicine; asthma; lactic acidosis; hyperchloremic acidosis; hypocapnia; hypercapnia; wheezing; bronchial biopsies; symptom persistence; clinical remission; eosinophil; adhesion; viability; proliferation; airway smooth muscle cell; pulmonary fibroblast; phenotype; acute severe asthma exacerbation; near fatal asthma; severe asthma; inflammation; interleukin-5 (IL-5); anti-IL-5; interleukin-4; airway remodeling; matrix metalloproteinases-9; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1; alveolar macrophages; lung function; bronchodilation; resistance; obstruction; reproducible; spirometry; obstructive sleep apnea; bronchial asthma; alternative overlap syndrome; exacerbation; reactive oxygen species; PBMC; mitochondrial function; innate immunity; immune regulation; NLRP3; IL-1β; allergic airway inflammation; microbiome; pathogenesis; immune responses; PreDicta; preschool; FeNO; asthma-specific quality of life; chronic rhinitis; disease-specific quality of life; health-related quality of Life (HRQLQ); children; longitudinal study
• Online Access: DOAB: download the publication; DOAB: description of the publication

Asthma is a common complex and heterogeneous respiratory disease with an increasing prevalence in developed countries. Asthma is a disease consisting of different phenotypes that are driven by different mechanistic pathways (endotypes). The recognition of these phenotypes and endotypes is central to asthma management entailing prognostic and therapeutic implications. It is acknowledged that despite optimal treatment, many patients are poorly controlled, highlighting the need for phenotype-guided treatments. In this context, the emergence of novel therapies (monoclonal antibody therapy, bronchial thermoplasty) is paving the way for personalized asthma therapy. A better understanding of disease pathogenesis may enable the identification of biomarkers, mediators, novel therapeutic targets, and treatable traits. Further molecular phenotyping or endotyping of asthma will be necessary to tailor new therapeutic strategies. The present Special Issue on Asthma aims to provide the current knowledge on phenotypes and endotypes in appreciating and managing the heterogeneous condition that is asthma.