Ketamine-induced neurotoxicity in neurodevelopment: A synopsis of main pathways based on recent in vivo experimental findings

• Main Authors: Konstantina Kalopita (Author), Athanasios Armakolas (Author), Anastassios Philippou (Author), Apostolos Zarros (Author), Panagoula Angelogianni (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Ketamine, a phencyclidine derivative and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, is widely used as an anesthetic, analgesic, and sedative agent in daily pediatric practice. Experimental studies have suggested that early prenatal or postnatal exposure to ketamine can induce neuroapoptosis, a...