Possible Harmful Effects of Smoking Hookah on Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index and Protamine Genes Expression in Normozoospermic Men

• Main Authors: Maryam Tofighi Niaki (Author), Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha (Author), Mohammad Ali Khalili (Author), Farzaneh Fesahat (Author), Ali Nabi (Author), Mahin Izadi (Author), Saeed Ghasemi Esmailabad (Author), Ali Reza Talebi (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: SAGE Publishing, 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Objectives: In recent years, smoking water pipes or hookah has increased among adolescents in most countries. Although there is evidence in support of the negative effects of this type of smoking on human health, such as the increased risk of lung disease, little is known about the potential effects...