Prevalence Estimates for Pharmacological Neuroenhancement in Austrian University Students: Its Relation to Health-Related Risk Attitude and the Framing Effect of Caffeine Tablets

• Main Authors: Pavel Dietz (Author), Benedikt Iberl (Author), Emanuel Schuett (Author), Mireille van Poppel (Author), Rolf Ulrich (Author), Matteo Christian Sattler (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A., 2018-06-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Background: Pharmacological neuroenhancement (PN) is defined as the use of illicit or prescription drugs by healthy individuals for cognitive-enhancing purposes. The present study aimed (i) to investigate whether including caffeine tablets in the definition of PN within a questionnaire increases the...