Comparison of the effect of EMLA ointment and lidocaine spray, along with the use of rhythmic breathing on the intensity of pain caused by the insertion of needles in the arteriovenous fistula among hemodialysis patients: A clinical trial
Background & Aim: Patients undergoing hemodialysis commonly experience discomfort due to the insertion of needles into their arteriovenous fistula. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of EMLA ointment and lidocaine spray, along with the use of rhythmic breathing on the intensity of pa...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Book |
| Published: |
Tehran University of Medical Sciences,
2023-10-01T00:00:00Z.
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