Cigarette Smoke-Induced Respiratory Response: Insights into Cellular Processes and Biomarkers

• Main Authors: Sang-Ryul Cha (Author), Jimin Jang (Author), Sung-Min Park (Author), Se Min Ryu (Author), Seong-Joon Cho (Author), Se-Ran Yang (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Cigarette smoke (CS) poses a significant risk factor for respiratory, vascular, and organ diseases owing to its high content of harmful chemicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These substances are known to induce oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and senescence due to their exposure to...