The Diagnostic Pathway of Hirschsprung's Disease in Paediatric Patients: A Single-Centre Experience

• Main Authors: Annita Budzanowski (Author), Niamh Geoghegan (Author), Alexander Macdonald (Author), Muhammad Choudhry (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2024-08-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.
• Notes: 10.3390/children11080970; 2227-9067
• Keywords: Hirschsprung's disease; rectal biopsy; aganglionosis; Pediatrics; RJ1-570
• Source: Children, Vol 11, Iss 8, p 970 (2024)

Background: The presenting symptoms of patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) are a failure to pass meconium, abdominal distension, and bilious vomiting. The gold standard diagnosis is a rectal biopsy to confirm aganglionosis. The aim of our study was to describe the diagnostic pathway of Hirschsprung's disease at our institution and document the indication for a rectal biopsy. Methods: We have performed a prospective collection of all patients who underwent a rectal biopsy to exclude HD from December 2022 until September 2023 including. The following data were collected: patient's age, presenting symptoms, type of biopsy, failure rate, complications, and histopathological results. Results: We identified 33 patients who underwent 34 rectal biopsies at 0.6 years of age. A total of 17 patients had a rectal suction biopsy (RSB), and 17 patients underwent a partial thickness under general anaesthesia (GA). 1/17 (6%) patients had an inconclusive RSB and subsequently underwent a biopsy under GA. Constipation and chronic abdominal distension plus vomiting were the most common presenting symptoms throughout all ages. Five patients (15%) had a rectal biopsy that was positive for HD. Conclusion: A protocolised approach to the assessment of infants and children with suspected HD ensures the appropriate utilisation of invasive procedures such as biopsy.