Antimicrobial Resistance in <i>Escherichia coli</i> from the Broiler Farm Environment, with Detection of SHV-12-Producing Isolates
Antimicrobial resistance is an important One Health challenge that encompasses the human, animal, and environmental fields. A total of 111 <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolates previously recovered from manure (<i>n</i> = 57) and indoor air (<i>n</i> = 54) samples from...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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MDPI AG,
2022-03-01T00:00:00Z.
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| Summary: | Antimicrobial resistance is an important One Health challenge that encompasses the human, animal, and environmental fields. A total of 111 <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolates previously recovered from manure (<i>n</i> = 57) and indoor air (<i>n</i> = 54) samples from a broiler farm were analyzed to determine their phenotypes and genotypes of antimicrobial resistance and integron characterization; in addition, plasmid replicon analysis and molecular typing were performed in extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL) producer isolates. A multidrug-resistance phenotype was detected in 46.8% of the isolates, and the highest rates of resistance were found for ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline (>40%); moreover, 15 isolates (13.5%) showed susceptibility to all tested antibiotics. None of the isolates showed imipenem and/or cefoxitin resistance. Twenty-three of the one hundred and eleven <i>E. coli</i> isolates (20.7%) were ESBL producers and carried the <i>bla</i><sub>SHV-12</sub> gene; one of these isolates was recovered from the air, and the remaining 22 were from manure samples. Most of ESBL-positive isolates carried the <i>cmlA</i> (<i>n</i> = 23), <i>tet</i>(A) (<i>n</i> = 19), and <i>aac</i>(6')<i>-Ib-cr</i> (<i>n</i> = 11) genes. The following genetic lineages were identified among the ESBL-producing isolates (sequence type-phylogroup-clonotype): ST770-E-CH116-552 (<i>n</i> = 12), ST117-B2-CH45-97 (<i>n</i> = 4), ST68-E-CH26-382/49 (<i>n</i> = 3), ST68-E-CH26-49 (<i>n</i> = 1), and ST10992-A/B1-CH11-23/41/580 (<i>n</i> = 4); the latter two were detected for the first time in the poultry sector. At least two plasmid replicon types were detected in the ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> isolates, with IncF, IncF1B, IncK, and IncHI1 being the most frequently found. The following antimicrobial resistance genes were identified among the non-ESBL-producing isolates (number of isolates): <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub> (58), <i>aac</i>(6')-Ib-cr (6), <i>qnrS</i> (2), <i>aac</i>(3)-II (2), <i>cmlA</i> (6), <i>tet</i>(A)/<i>tet</i>(B) (22), and <i>sul1/2/3</i> (51). Four different gene-cassette arrays were detected in the variable region of class 1 (<i>dfrA1-aadA1</i>, <i>dfrA12-aadA2</i>, and <i>dfrA12-orf-aadA2-cmlA</i>) and class 2 integrons (<i>sat2-aadA1-orfX</i>). This work reveals the worrying presence of antimicrobial-resistant <i>E. coli</i> in the broiler farm environment, with ESBL-producing isolates of SHV-12 type being extensively disseminated. |
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| Item Description: | 10.3390/antibiotics11040444 2079-6382 |