Confounders in the assessment of the renal effects associated with low-level urinary cadmium: an analysis in industrial workers

• Main Authors: Lison Dominique (Author), Taleb Abdesselem (Author), Dumont Xavier (Author), Samira Sekkal (Author), Haddam Nahida (Author), Haufroid Vincent (Author), Bernard Alfred (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: BMC, 2011-05-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Associations of proteinuria with low-level urinary cadmium (Cd) are currently interpreted as the sign of renal dysfunction induced by Cd. Few studies have considered the possibility that these associations might be non causal and ari...