Nicotine dependence as an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis in the National Lung Screening Trial

• 主要な著者: Junjia Zhu (著者), Kevin Nelson (著者), Jennifer Toth (著者), Joshua E. Muscat (著者)
• フォーマット: 図書
• 出版事項: BMC, 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z.
• 主題: article
• オンライン･アクセス: Connect to this object online.

Abstract Background Atherosclerosis and COPD are systemic inflammatory diseases that share common risk factors including cigarette smoking. A high level of nicotine dependence is emerging as a recently identified risk factor for pulmonary impairment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and tobacco...