Association between serum cotinine levels and urinary incontinence in adults in the United States: a population-based cross-sectional analysis

• Main Authors: Chengdong Shi (Author), Lei Yang (Author), Guoqiang Zeng (Author), Hongliang Cao (Author), Fangqiu Yu (Author), Shanyu Sha (Author), Yuantao Wang (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: BMC, 2024-08-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Abstract Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure has been shown to be associated with a variety of diseases, but evidence regarding the association between it and urinary incontinence (UI) is limited. Cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine in the human body, can more accurately quantify the level of...