Ketamine Induced Bladder Fibrosis Through MTDH/P38 MAPK/EMT Pathway

• Main Authors: Quan Zhu (Author), Kaixuan Li (Author), Haozhen Li (Author), Feng Han (Author), Zhengyan Tang (Author), Zhao Wang (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Purpose: Ketamine is an anesthetic in clinical, but it has also been used as an abusing drug due to its low price and hallucinogenic effects. It is proved that ketamine abusing would cause multiple system damage including the urinary system, which is called ketamine-induced cystitis (KIC). Bladder f...