COVID-19 intranasal vaccines: current progress, advantages, prospects, and challenges

• Main Authors: Kuldeep Dhama (Author), Manish Dhawan (Author), Ruchi Tiwari (Author), Talha Bin Emran (Author), Saikat Mitra (Author), Ali A. Rabaan (Author), Saad Alhumaid (Author), Zainab Al Alawi (Author), Abbas Al Mutair (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Taylor & Francis Group, 2022-11-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Multiple vaccines have recently been developed, and almost all the countries are presently vaccinating their population to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the COVID-19 vaccines in use are administered via intramuscular (IM) injection, eliciting protective humor and cellular immunity. COVID-19...