Possible biased analgesic of hydromorphone through the G protein-over β-arrestin-mediated pathway: cAMP, CellKey™, and receptor internalization analyses

• Main Authors: Sei Manabe (Author), Kanako Miyano (Author), Yuriko Fujii (Author), Kaori Ohshima (Author), Yuki Yoshida (Author), Miki Nonaka (Author), Miaki Uzu (Author), Yoshikazu Matsuoka (Author), Tetsufumi Sato (Author), Yasuhito Uezono (Author), Hiroshi Morimatsu (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: Elsevier, 2019-06-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Morphine, fentanyl, and oxycodone are widely used as analgesics, and recently hydromorphone has been approved in Japan. Although all of these are selective for μ-opioid receptors (MORs) and have similar structures, their analgesic potencies and adverse effects (AEs) are diverse. Recent molecular ana...