Evaluating the Effects of Cigarette Smoking and Heated Tobacco Products on Hard Dental Tissues: A Comparative Histological and Colorimetric Analysis

ABSTRACT Objectives This study aimed to evaluate and compare the impact of cigarette smoking (CS) and heated tobacco (HT) on the alteration of color and ultrastructural characteristics of human enamel and cementum. Background According to tobacco companies, a less harmful substitute for CS is HT pro...

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Autori principali: Mahmoud Al Ankily (Autore), Fatma Makkeyah (Autore), Mahmoud M. Bakr (Autore), Mohamed Shamel (Autore)
Natura: Libro
Pubblicazione: Wiley, 2024-08-01T00:00:00Z.
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