Assessment of Pain, Anxiety, and Cortisol Levels During the Initial Aligning Phase of Fixed Orthodontic Treatment

• Main Authors: Alev Aksoy (Author), Mine Geçgelen Cesur (Author), Birsen Harun Dağdeviren (Author), Yasemin Alpağan Özkaynak (Author), Gizem Karacin (Author), Fatih Gültekin (Author)
• Formato: Livro
• Publicado em: Galenos Yayinevi, 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z.
• Assuntos: article
• Acesso em linha: Connect to this object online.

Objective:We assessed pain and anxiety using psychological testing instruments (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, visual analog scale) and a physiological testing instrument (salivary cortisol hormone level) after the insertion of orthodontic appliances and during the initial alignment pha...