Physical Activity in Polluted Air-Net Benefit or Harm to Cardiovascular Health? A Comprehensive Review

• Main Authors: Omar Hahad (Author), Marin Kuntic (Author), Katie Frenis (Author), Sourangsu Chowdhury (Author), Jos Lelieveld (Author), Klaus Lieb (Author), Andreas Daiber (Author), Thomas Münzel (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: MDPI AG, 2021-11-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Both exposure to higher levels of polluted air and physical inactivity are crucial risk factors for the development and progression of major noncommunicable diseases and, in particular, of cardiovascular disease. In this context, the World Health Organization estimated 4.2 and 3.2 million global dea...