A comparative evaluation of interleukin 1 beta and prostaglandin E2 with and without low-level laser therapy during En masse retraction

A comparative evaluation of interleukin 1 beta and prostaglandin E2 with and without low-level laser therapy during En masse retraction

Background and Objectives: Orthodontic forces are known to produce mechanical damage and inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs) and interleukin (IL)-1, in the periodontium and dental pulp. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a stimulator of the on-going biological process in tissue and fo...

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Main Authors: Jeffy Ann Jose (Author), Sanju Somaiah (Author), Sunil Muddaiah (Author), Balakrishna Shetty (Author), Goutham Reddy (Author), S Roopa (Author)
Format: Book
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z.
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