Intranasal (IN) COVID-19 vaccines - a breakthrough

• Main Authors: Ramandeep Singh Gambhir (Author), Khushdeep Kaur (Author), Ridhi Matariya (Author), Balwinder Singh (Author), Ridhima Sood (Author), Jyotsana Singh (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Emerging variants of COVID-19 have threatened the effectiveness of intramuscular (IM) vaccines since that are made to target only the spike protein. Development of Intranasal (IN) vaccination has been proven to provide both the mucosal and systemic immune responses for broader and long lasting prote...