Assessing contraband tobacco in two jurisdictions: a direct collection of cigarette butts

• Main Authors: Julie Stratton (Author), Samantha Shiplo (Author), Megan Ward (Author), Alexey Babayan (Author), Adam Stevens (Author), Sarah Edwards (Author)
• Format: Book
• Published: BMC, 2016-07-01T00:00:00Z.
• Subjects: article
• Online Access: Connect to this object online.

Abstract Background The sale of contraband tobacco allows for tobacco tax evasion, which can undermine the effectiveness of tobacco tax policies in reducing the number of smokers. Estimates of the proportion of contraband vary widely as do the methods used to measure the proportion of contraband bei...